Decolonization

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

Based on this excerpt, which statement best describes the author’s point of view?

• The benefits of British rule outweigh the costs for India.

• British rule has hurt India and prevented its people from establishing their own economy and government.

• The British military is too powerful.

• India and Pakistan should remain one country after the British are driven out.

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

A historian would find this excerpt most useful for

• Examining the effects of Belgian rule in the Congo

• Exploring the points of view of Muslims concerning British rule in India

• Understanding the views of Indian nationalists

• Examining the economic benefits of imperialism for British citizens

. . . “Because India has become impoverished by their Government. They take away our money from year to year. The most important posts are reserved for themselves. We are kept in a state of slavery. They behave insolently [insultingly] towards us and disregard our feelings. . . .”

Which event was an effect of the ideas expressed in this excerpt and the actions taken by Gandhi?

• Independence for India and Pakistan

• Amritsar Massacre

• Sepoy Rebellion

• Establishment of the British Raj in India

Which claim is best supported by the evidence included in these maps?

• Egypt and Ethiopia are no longer part of Africa.

• By 1980, most African countries had become independent.

• By 1950, most of Africa was controlled by Russia or the United States.

• The Union of South Africa was renamed Namibia.

Which individuals took actions that contributed to the changes depicted in these maps from 1950 to 1980?

• Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping

• Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru

• Kwame Nkrumah and Jomo Kenyatta

• Cecil Rhodes and King Leopold III

… Once thought of as a model for other young African democracies, Nigeria has buckled under the weight of persistent enmities [hostilities] among four major tribes—the Moslem Hausas and Fulanis in the North, the Yorubas in the West and the clever Ibos in the East. In January 1966, five years after independence, a group led by Eastern army officers toppled the Northern dominated regime of Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and exposed the raw nerves of those ancient rivalries. Northerners countered with a coup that installed [General Yakubu] Gowon, and their pent-up fury exploded in the massacre of thousands of Ibos living in the North.…

This passage illustrates the impact ethnic loyalties can have on

• maintaining colonial control

• sustaining nonalignment

• building national unity

• preserving traditional religions

Where and when was this photograph most likely taken?

• England, 1800

• China, 1820

• East Germany, 1991

• South Africa, 1950

The situation in this photograph was a result of the effects of

• Industrialization

• Imperialism

• Communism

• Globalization

Which claim about South Africa in 1991 is best supported by the evidence in these charts?

• the Boers outnumbered the British in South Africa

• the black population has decreased due to emigration

• Asians controlled a greater proportion of income in comparison to their population

• whites controlled the largest amount of income

What policy most likely influenced the circumstances depicted by these charts?

• Apartheid

• Pan-Africanism

• Communism

• Zionism