AP Bio Ch 16 Molecular Genetics

What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?

• DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
• Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
• DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
• A cell is composed of DNA and protein

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)

• mutation
• gene flow
• gene pool
• allele

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides held together by ____ bonds between complimentary bases.

• Covalent

• Hydrogen

• Ionic

• Hydrophobic

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What are the components of a nucleotide?

• nitrogen base, phosphate group, and sugar
• sugar, purine, and pyrimidine
• nitrogen base and a phosphate group
• DNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide

In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe?

• Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form.
• Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacteria with a living pathogenic strain makes the pathogenic strain nonpathogenic.
• Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of bacteria makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.
• Mice infected with a pathogenic strain of bacteria can spread the infection to other mice.

Cytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?

• 8%
• 16%
• 42%
• 58%

Which scientists used viruses and radioactive isotopes to definitively prove that DNA, and not protein, was the molecule of heredity?

• Griffith and Avery
• Chargaff and Franklin
• Watson and Crick
• Hershey and Chase

How did Rosalind Franklin's photo 51 affect the work of Watson and Crick? (picture is shown)

• It was used to determine the physical structure of DNA
• It was used to identify the four bases that make up DNA
• It was used to determine the theory of independent assortment
• It was used to show DNA was the molecule of inheritance

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The replication of DNA is...

• conservative
• dispersive
• semi-conservative
• random

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The synthesis of a new strand of DNA ...

• starts at an operator sequence.
• involves DNA ligase.
• is always in fragments.
• occurs from the 5' end to the 3' end.