Psych 1 - Module 16

Learning is generally defined as a change in

• behavior

• emotion

• thinking

• memory

In classical conditioning,

• two similar stimuli cause different responses

• two similar stimuli cause the same response

• a response gains the power to cause a stimulus

• a stimulus gains the power to cause a response

A stimulus that produces a response reflexively and automatically is called a(n) ____________ stimulus.

• unconditioned

• neutral

• extinguished

• conditioned

A conditioned stimulus always begins as a(n)

• conditioned response

• unconditioned response

• unconditioned stimulus

• neutral stimulus

Pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus produces

• acquisition

• generalization

• extinction

• discrimination

Ivan Pavlov's original research interest involved

• how the brain works

• memory

• digestion

• how children learn

Which of the following is an example of discrimination?

• A college student in the shower jumps when someone yells, “Flush!” and when someone yells, “Flesh!”

• Pavlov's dog salivates to the tones produced by two different tuning forks.

• Little Albert shows fear in the presence of a rat but not in the presence of a rabbit.

• Antonia is afraid of spiders and wasps.

Which of the following demonstrates the importance of cognition in classical conditioning?

• A teenager will learn not to eat shrimp if he gets sick from eating shrimp.

• A neutral stimulus will become a conditioned stimulus only if it predicts an unconditioned stimulus.

• A dog will learn to salivate to a tone similar to one that was trained as a conditioned stimulus.

• A dog will learn to salivate to the sound of one tone, but not to the sound of a different tone.

Classical conditioning is probably involved if a(n)

• little girl learns to fear snakes after watching her older sister freak out when a snake crosses the sidewalk in front of her.

• young woman succeeds in mastering a difficult song on the guitar after months of practice.

• advertiser succeeds in getting customers to develop romantic associations to a product.

• person continues to buy a particular cough drop because he believes it works well.

What will happen if a dog that has been classically conditioned to salivate to a tone hears the tone 100 times without having it paired with meat?

• Acquisition will occur.

• Taste aversion will occur.

• The salivation response will generalize.

• The salivation response will extinguish.