6.11B Gravity

Which of the following governs the motion of our solar system?

• Magnetism

• Gravity

• Sunlight

• Friction

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Planets in our solar system orbit the Sun because it -

• has the greatest magnetic field.

• is the celestial body with the greatest mass.

• is the brightest object in our solar system.

• formed millions of years before the planets.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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Which two factors affect the strength of the gravitational pull on two objects?

• Mass and density

• Weight and density

• Weight and distance

• Mass and distance

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The gravitational pull of the Sun affects which of the following properties of the planets in our solar system?

• Chemical composition

• Speed and shape of orbit

• Formation of land features

• Number of moons

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

The force of gravitational attraction between the Sun and Jupiter could be increased by reducing which of the following?

• The mass of the Sun and Jupiter

• The distance between the Sun and Jupiter

• The speed of rotation of Jupiter

• The amount of radiation put out by the Sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The gravitational attraction between two objects would increase if both masses are -

• increased, and the distance between them is increased.

• increased, and the distance between them is decreasead.

• decreased, and the distance between them is decreased.

• decreased, and the distance between them is increased.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

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Why do planets orbit the Sun?

• The Sun is the only celestial object that has a gravitational pull.

• The Sun's chemical composition makes it attract planets.

• Only celestial bodies that emit light, like the Sun, can be at the center of an orbit.

• The Sun is the most massive object in our solar system, so it exerts the greatest gravitational pull.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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If the distance between Mercury and the Sun were increased, what could be done to maintain the same gravitational force of attraction between Mercury and the Sun?

• Decrease the masses of Mercury and the Sun

• Decrease Mercury's speed of orbit around the Sun

• Increase the masses of Mercury and the Sun

• Increase Mercury's speed of orbit around the Sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Gravity can be defined as the -

• force of attraction between two or more masses.

• friction created when two objects are in contact.

• energy given off by stars due to nuclear reactions.

• path an object follows as it moves through space.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Look at the table provided. In which example is the gravitational force of attraction between the two objects the greatest?

• Example 1

• Example 2

• Example 3

• Example 4

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4