Chapter 14 Test (World War I and the Russian Revolution)

Why were tensions heightened among countries in Europe after 1900?

• Socialists had seized power

• Some nations refused to trade with each other.

• Nations began mobilizing for war.

• People were joining the Black Hand.

Serbia angered Austria-Hungary when it…

• Developed imperialist ambitions

• Tried to form an independent state.

• Mobilized troops along Austria’s border.

• Promised to support Germany’s interests.

Which nations were the first to get involved in the initial conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary?

• Germany and Russia

• France and Belgium

• United States and Britain

• Italy and Bulgaria

Initially, the war effort on the Western Front was characterized by…

• Slow but steady advancement of the German army on the ground

• Trench warfare that kept both sides in the same positions for four years.

• Decisive victories by the French army and swift retreat of German forces.

• Innovative strategies that used new technologies available to both armies.

As the war progressed, both the Allied Powers and the Central Powers sought new allies in order to…

• Get more money and supplies.

• Expand their colonial empires.

• Open new avenues for commerce.

• Pave the way for peace negotiations.

Civil war broke out in Russia after World War I because…

• Foreign troops remained on Russian soil.

• The Bolsheviks did not fulfill their promises.

• Many people opposed the Bolshevik government.

• Lenin acquired too much territory in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference were complicated by…

• Russia’s refusal to attend the talks

• Territorial disputes among the Big Three.

• Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points

• Germany’s refusal to pay for the war.

Germany was especially opposed to Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles because it…

• Forced Germany to reduce the size of its army and navy.

• Returned the territories of Alsace and Lorraine to France.

• Awarded sections of Easter Germany to the new Polish state.

• Held Germany (and Austria) responsible for the war and required reparations.

19. A major cause of the Bolshevik Revolution was...

• Rasputin’s influence at the royal court

• Russia’s withdrawal from World War I.

• Inflammatory rhetoric from Communist leaders.

• Czar Nicholas’s failed military and economic policies.

One legacy of World War I was the…

• Breakup of the Ottoman Empire

• Rejection of strong central government.

• Expansion of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

• Elimination of ethnic minorities in eastern Europe.