Quiz about Weathering and Erosion by Water

Question 1

The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 2

A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?

Accepted Answer

Ocean waves washed away rock.

Answer

Warm air melted the rock.

Answer

Sun rays evaporated the rock.

Answer

Plant roots pushed away the rock.

Question 3

What is the process that picks up and moves weathered rocks?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Landslide

Answer

Weathering

Question 4

What causes the greatest erosion effect on our beaches?

Accepted Answer

Waves

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Glaciers

Answer

Wind

Question 5

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Crop Rotation

Question 6

How do plants weather rocks?

Accepted Answer

When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock breaks.

Answer

Plants don't weather rocks.

Answer

When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks.

Question 7

What is the wearing away or breaking down of rocks called?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Glaciers

Question 8

Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down is an example of

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

An avalanche

Question 9

Weathering and erosion are the same thing.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 10

The process of carrying away weathered bits of rocks is called

Accepted Answer

erosion

Answer

weathering

Question 11

The process of slowly breaking rocks into smaller pieces is called

Accepted Answer

weathering

Answer

erosion

Question 12

Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 13

Which would most likely increase the erosion caused by a stream?

Accepted Answer

Increased Rainfall

Answer

Decreased animal life

Answer

Decreased temperature

Answer

Increased Evaporation

Question 14

Many processes that shape Earth happen over thousands of years. Some processes happen much more quickly. Which of the following has the potential to change Earth's landforms quickly?

Accepted Answer

The erosion of sand on a beach by storms

Answer

The carving of a valley by a glacier

Answer

The formation of a canyon by a river

Answer

The weathering of rocks by wind

Question 15

Dalton noticed that recent rain had loosened up the dirt in his backyard. As a result, much of the dirt had moved around. There were holes and mounds where the dirt had been level before. This is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

An earthquake

Answer

Weathering

Answer

A mudslide

Question 16

Which type of stream is most likely to cause the greatest amount of erosion?

Accepted Answer

A quickly moving stream with a large amount of water.

Answer

A slowly moving stream with a small amount of water.

Answer

A quickly moving stream with a small amount of water.

Answer

A slow moving stream with a large amount of water.

Question 17

On a recent field trip to a local river, the science class collected several rocks from the river bed. The rocks were all smooth and rounded. Why were the rocks in the river bed smooth?

Accepted Answer

Rushing water in the river wore away any jagged edges.

Answer

The minerals from which the rocks are made cannot form jagged edges.

Answer

Over centuries, the action of the wind caused the rocks to become smooth.

Answer

Plants along the river released substances that mixed with the water to smooth the rocks.

Question 18

Hailey and her brother made a sand castle at the beach. Hailey slowly poured water on top of the sand castle. Some of the sand ran down the side of the castle with the water. What type of phenomenon did Hailey demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

Erosion by water.

Answer

Weathering by temperature change.

Answer

Erosion by heat.

Answer

Weathering by water.

Question 19

Underground caverns are an example of weathering and erosion. Their formation might be best explained by which choice?

Accepted Answer

Groundwater dissolves minerals, forming underground cavities.

Answer

Wind weathers and erodes rock particles.

Answer

Cold temperatures cause ice to form and break rock apart.

Answer

Gravity moves particles of rock downhill.

Question 20

Bobby observed that a metal trash can was covered with rust. What type of weathering caused the rust on the trash can?

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Wind weathering

Answer

Erosion weathering

Question 21

These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

ice wedging

Answer

acid rain

Answer

permeability

Answer

abrasion

Question 22

These gravestones have slowly broken down and turned a blackish color due to the action of:

Accepted Answer

acid rain

Answer

ice wedging

Answer

abrasion

Answer

mechanical weathering

Question 23

The diagrams shows a rock with water trapped in the cracks during the day and at night.

Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?

Accepted Answer

water expands when it freezes

Answer

frozen water acts as a solute

Answer

the mass of water increases when it freezes

Answer

frozen water dissolves most types of rock

Question 24

Rain washing away soil from a hillside

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 25

Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 26

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 27

What is the major cause of weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

moving water

Answer

wind

Answer

ice

Answer

glaciers

Question 28

What is mechanical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.

Answer

Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.

Answer

Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.

Answer

Rocks broken down by machinery.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

ice wedging

Answer

water

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

living organisms secreting acid to break down rocks

Question 30

What is mechanical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.

Answer

Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.

Answer

Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.

Answer

Rocks broken down by machinery.

Question 31

Carbon dioxide (CO2) combines with water as raindrops fall through the atmosphere. This makes a weak acid, called carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is a very common in nature, where it works to dissolve rock. Pollutants, such as sulfur and nitrogen from fossil fuel burning, create sulfuric and nitric acid. Sulfuric and nitric acids are the two main components of acid rain, which speeds up chemical weathering.
This statue was probably destroyed by _____.

Accepted Answer

Acid Rain

Answer

Wind

Answer

Humans

Answer

Animals

Question 32

Waves and currents help to form beaches.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 33

Most of the erosion in the Grand Canyon is caused by

Accepted Answer

The Colorado River

Answer

Wind

Answer

Glaciers

Answer

Rain

Question 34

When a material allows water to seep through the tiny holes, the material is considered

Accepted Answer

Permeable

Answer

Impermeable

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Solid

Question 35

__________________________ is the breaking down of rocks that does not change the mineral makeup of the rocks- just makes smaller pieces

Accepted Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Question 36

Identify types of physical weathering

Accepted Answer

1. tree roots, ice wedging, burrowing animals, abrasion, human activity, waves

Answer

oxidation, acid rain, lichen

Answer

carbonic acid, water, deposition

Question 37

________________ is oxidized iron.

Accepted Answer

Rust

Answer

Carbonic acid

Answer

Calcite

Weathering and Erosion by Water

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