Chapter 15 - Evolution

In natural selection, the selective agent is the

• humans
• mutations
• breeders
• environment

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what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?

• different species on different islands
• all species on one of the islands
• identical species on all the islands
• the same species as North America

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop
• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
• benefits for the individual, not for the population
• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?

• variation

• adaptation

• homologous structure

• vestigial structure

What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?

• natural selection
• inheritance
• artificial selection
• descent withOUT modification

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Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are

• heritable
• new
• mutated 
• better than the best

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Charles Darwin came up with this theory 

• Natural Selection
• Mutation

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To adjust to a changing environment, living things must

• Mutate

• Adapt

Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

• increase in number
  
• become extinct
  

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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