IB Bio Topic 3.1

How are new alleles formed?

• By mutations in the nucleotide sequence of a section of DNA

• the nucleotide systems adapt to new environments

• mutations of the cells

• a chance ion the positioning of the alleles

Which of the following show the Genomic Organization Analogy ( small to big)

• Genetic code, gene, genome

• Genome, gene, alleles

• Alleles,genome, gene

• chromosome, genetic code, gene

What is the position of a specific gene on a chromosome called

• Genetic code

• Loci/locus

• Allele

• DNA

What occurs when a base substitution changes one of the amino acids transcribes to form red blood cells

• Scurvy

• Polymorphism

• Anorexia

• Sickle Cell Anemia

Which of the following is the cause of sickle-cell anemia?

• Tryptophan is replaced by leucine
• Leucine is replaced by valine
• Glutamic acid is replaced by valine
• Lysine is replaced by glutamic acid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following is an inherited disease that is due to a base substitution mutation in a gene?

• Trisomy 21
• Sickle cell anemia
• AIDS
• Type II Diabetes

A human cell has between 20,000-25,000 genes whereas an E. coli cell has approximately 4,000 genes.  Which of the following statements is true?

• The human genome is larger than the E. coli genome
• There are more genes on each human chromosome than on the E. coli chromosome
• The human cell and the E. coli cell produce approximately the same variety of proteins
• The DNA in both organisms is associated with histones (proteins)

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is correct?

• Each gene is at the same locus on both chromosomes
• They are two identical copies of a parent chromosome which are attached to one another at the centromere
• They always produce identical phenotypes
• They are chromosomes that have identical genes and alleles

Sickle cell anemia is caused by:

• A change in the amino acid lysine --> alanine, which causes uncontrolled bleeding

• A change in the amino acid serine --> leucine, which causes cancer

• A change in the amino acid glutamine --> valine, which causes misshapen blood cells

• A change in the amino acid proline --> glycine, which prevents the proper production of insulin

Variations in eye color and hair color are due to:

• Different alleles of a gene

• Different shapes of chromosomes

• Different loci of genes

• Different centromeres of chromosomes