Evolution

In natural selection, the selective agent is the

• humans
• mutations
• breeders
• environment

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what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?

• different species on different islands
• all species on one of the islands
• identical species on all the islands
• the same species as North America

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop

• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

• benefits for the individual, not for the population

Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are

• heritable
• new
• mutated 
• better than the best

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Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

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Choose which scientist corresponds best with the statement: 
acquired characteristics are inherited

• Darwin 
• Lamarck

Vertebrate embryos pass through similar stages of development; this is evidence for

• use and disuse

• homologous structures

• common ancestry

• acquired characteristics

What is the study of the distribution of organisms around the world?

• geology
• biogeography
• paleontology
• geography

Structures with no function that are remnants of an organism’s evolutionary past are

• Not visible organisms.
• Vestigial
• Young in origin
• Useful to the organism

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Which of the following statements best reflects the evolutionary importance of the figures pictured?

• New genetic instructions have been disregarded in the evolution of vertebrates.
• Early in development, vertebrate embryos show no evidence of common ancestry.
• All adult vertebrates retain pharyngeal pouches (gills).
• The evolutionary history of organisms is seen in the way embryos develop.

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