APHG Units 5 + a little 6/7

the process by which humans alter the landscape in order to raise crops and livestock for consumption and trade

• agriculture

• horticulture

• agribusiness

• monoculture

global movement of plants and animals between the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) and New World (the Americas) after the age of exploration.

• transhumance

• pastoral nomadism

• Columbian Exchange

• Second Agricultural Revolution

agriculture in which farmers build a series of steps into the side of a hill to create more suitable farming conditions

• hillside farming

• terrace farming

• slope agriculture

• step agriculture

the process of diverting water from its natural course or location to aid in the production of crops

• irrigation

• cultivation

• transhumance

• domestication

the number of crops or people that an area can support

• supportive limit

• threshold

• physiological density

• carrying capacity

large-scale farming, mostly in MDCs, focused on raising one type of crop or animal to sell for profit.

• subsistence agriculture

• pastoral nomadism

• double cropping

• commercial agriculture

small-scale farming, mostly in LDCs, focused on raising food for direct consumption of a family or community.

• subsistence agriculture

• pastoral nomadism

• double cropping

• commercial agriculture

series of laws enacted by the British government that enabled landowners to purchase and enclose land for their own use that had previously been common land used by peasant farmers

• feudal land grants

• Enclosure Acts

• transhumance

• Land Grant Acts

the advances in plant biology that helped to develop higher yields, resistance to diseases, and faster growing varieties of grains during the Third Agricultural Revolution

• Agricultural cloning

• Agribusiness

• The Green Revolution

• Subsidies

breeding together two plants that have desirable characteristics

• hybridization

• GMO

• cloning

• double cropping