Which term is defined as the volume of air breathed in and out in one breath?

• Pulmonary Ventilation

• Tidal volume

• Vital Capacity

• Residual volume

What is the action of the diaphragm and the alveolar pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure that cause exhalation?

• Diaphragm contracts and the alveolar pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure

• Diaphragm relaxes and the alveolar pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure

• Diaphragm contracts and the alveolar pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure

• Diaphragm relaxes and the alveolar pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure

What is vital capacity?

• Inspiratory reserve volume plus total lung capacity

• Total lung capacity minus residual volume

• Tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume

• Residual volume minus expiratory reserve volume

Which is a principal structure of the ventilatory system?

• capillary

• bronchiole

• haemoglobin

• pulmonary artery

What is residual volume?

• Volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation

• Inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs

• Volume of air still contained in the lungs after maximal exhalation

• Additional inspired air over and above tidal volume

Which structure is responsible for moistening air entering the ventilatory system?

• Bronchi

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Nose

Which feedback mechanisms are associated with the chemical control of ventilation during exercise?

• Lung stretch receptors

• Muscle proprioreceptors

• Increases in blood acidity levels

• Increases in temperature

Where is haemoglobin located?

• In white blood cells

• In platelets

• In muscle cells

• In red blood cells

What factors may cause ventilation to increase during exercise?

• Decreased oxygen levels and decreased blood acidity

• Decreased carbon dioxide levels and increased blood acidity

• Increased carbon dioxide levels and increased blood acidity

• Increased oxygen levels and decreased blood acidity

What does the elevated breathing rate after exercise allow the body to do?

• To stimulate the peripheral chemoreceptors

• To increase the pH of the blood

• To trigger the Hering-Breuer reflex

• To stimulate muscle proprioreceptors