AP Biology Cell Communication and Cell Cycle Review

Choose all of the following that are signaling molecules?

• ligands

• receptors

• hormones

• neurotransmitters

• chemotaxis

Signal transduction is the process by which an external signal is transmitted to the inside of the cell. Put the following steps in the order that they occur.

1. Activation of a signal transduction pathway
2. A signaling molecule binding to a specific receptor
3. Production of a cellular response

• 2, 1, 3

• 3, 1, 2

• 1, 2, 3

• 2, 3, 1

Which type of signaling molecule can diffuse across the cell membrane and bind to receptors inside the cell?

• small, hydrophobic molecules

• large, hydrophobic molecules

• small, hydrophilic molecules

• large, hydrophilic molecules

For signalling molecules that are too large or charged to pass through the cell membrane, they must bind to receptors on the surface. Which receptor lets ions through after binding with a specific ligand?

• Ligand-gated ion receptor

• Catalytic (enzyme-linked) receptors

• G-protein-linked receptors

For signalling molecules that are too large or charged to pass through the cell membrane, they must bind to receptors on the surface. Which receptor with bind with a G protein on the inside of a cell after being activated.

• Ligand-gated ion receptor

• Catalytic (enzyme-linked) receptors

• G-protein-linked receptors

What would happen if a signaling molecule cannot bind to the receptor?

• The signal will not be completed

• The signal will slow down

• The signal will be amplified

Maintaining an internal balance in the body is called homeostasis. Choose all of the following that are examples of this.

• Water content in body

• Blood sugar levels

• Body Temperature

• Cell Cycle

• Cancer

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

When blood sugar is high, insulin is released into the body to tell cells to take in more sugar and store it. When blood sugar is low, glucagon is released to instruct cells to pull out sugar and put it in the blood stream. What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

When a person gets a cut, the body continues to secrete blood clotting factors until the cut is scabbed over. What type of feedback is this?

• Positive

• Negative

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Most cells in the body replicate, but others never replicate and instead enter G₀ and stay there until cell death. Choose all of the following cells that would enter this phase.

• muscle cells

• brain cells

• red blood cells

• skin cells

• heart cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4