It is the controversial house bill that suspends the implementation of the use of mother tongue as the medium of instruction for kindergarten to grade 3.

• HB 6512

• HB 6152

• HB 6521

• HB 6125

It is is a system of conventional spoken, manual, or written symbols by means of which human beings, as members of a social group and participants in its culture, express themselves.

• bilingualism

• language

• mother tongue

• multilingualism

It is defined by UNESCO in 1953 as “the language which a person acquires in early years and which normally becomes their natural instrument of thought and communication”

• bilingualism

• language

• mother tongue

• multilingualism

It is the ability to speak two languages. It may be acquired early by children in regions where most adults speak two.

• bilingualism

• language

• mother tongue

• multilingualism

It is the act of using, or promoting the use of, multiple languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers.

• bilingualism

• language

• mother tongue

• multilingualism

It says that language does more than simply describe reality, it also serves to shape the reality of a culture.

The following are the UNESCO's three principles of education in multilingual principle EXCEPT:

• UNESCO supports bilingual and/or multilingual education at all levels of education as a means of promoting both social and gender equality and as a key element on linguistically diverse societies.

• UNESCO supports language as an essential component of intercultural education in order to encourage understanding between different population groups and ensure respect to fundamental rights

• UNESCO supports monolingual instruction as a means of improving linguistic competence of the students.

• UNESCO supports mother tongue instruction as a means of improving educational quality by building upon the knowledge and experience of the learners and teachers.

The following are the UNESCO's three non-negotiable principles of MTB-MLE EXCEPT:

• builds upon learners social and cultural knowledge and experience

• effective promotion of oral fluency and literacy in all languages for as long as possible

• empowers learners by encouraging students to collaborate and innovate, creating new power relations together

• keeping the learners not globally competitive.

Bilingual Education Policy mandates the academes to use English as the medium of instruction in the following subjects EXCEPT

• math

• science

• technology subject

• values education

It entails the implementing guidelines for the policy on bilingual education.

• The Philippine Bilingual Education Policy (BEP)

• The Philippine Bilingualism Education Policy (BEP)

• The Philippine Bilinguals Education Policy (BEP)

• The Philippine Bilingual Movement Education Policy (BEP)