Freud's Theory of Personality Hyperdoc Review

Free association is

• a method of exploring the unconscious.

• another name for hypnosis.

• the major function of the superego.

• an ego defense mechanism.

• a method of dream analysis.

According to Freud, which of the following is true of the ego?

• It focuses on how we ought to behave.

• It is the source of guilt.

• It is the part of the personality present at birth.

• It strives to satisfy basic drives.

• It operates under the reality principle.

Which of the following represents Freud’s Oedipus complex?

• Yutao has begun to suffer from the same recurrent nightmares he had as a child.

• Madeline manifests repressed anxiety because of guilt she experienced when she disappointed her parents during toilet training.

• Five-year-old Anagha is taking on many of her mother’s values through a process of identification.

• Four-year-old Carlos is experiencing unconscious sexual desire for his mother and unconscious hatred for his father.

• Elle has begun to overeat and smoke cigarettes as a college student, indicating a degree of oral fixation.

According to Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms underlies all of the others?

• Repression

• Reaction formation

• Displacement

• Projection

• Regression

What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history?

• Neurosis

• Archetypes

• Collective unconscious

• Inferiority complex

• Terror management

According to the text, many research psychologists think of _____________ as an information processor that works without our awareness.

• the TAT

• the id

• repression

• defense mechanisms

• the unconscious

What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential?

• Free association

• Self-transcendence

• Unconditional positive regard

• Self-concept

• Self-actualization

Humanistic psychologists often prefer to assess personality by

• having a person write out answers to questions.

• sitting down and talking to a person.

• getting a person to describe what he or she sees in ambiguous inkblots.

• having a person describe their dreams.

• putting a person in a stressful situation to see how he or she behaves under pressure.

Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard?

• Mr. and Mrs. Prohaska, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism.

• Seven-year-old Michaela gets her allowance each week whether she does her chores or not.

• Ms. Lopez, a second grade teacher, puts a smiley face sticker on her students’ papers when they have done a good job.

• John got a promotion and a raise at work after filling in for a sick manager one day and doing a better job than the manager had done previously.

• Chen’s parents usually praise him when he does well and ignore him when he engages in minor misbehavior.

Which of the following theories offers a special focus on the potential for healthy personal growth?

• Neo-Freudian

• Psychodynamic

• Humanistic

• Behavioral

• Functionalist