Reducing Adjective Clauses into Adjective Phrases

I know the student who is sitting in front row of the theater.

• I know the student who is sitting in front row of the theater.

• I know the student sitting in front row of the theater.

• I know the student sits in front row of the theater.

The woman who is waiting for the train over there is my boss.

• who waiting for the train

• waiting for the train

• who waits for the train

Secretariat, who was at the back of the pack at the start of the race, won the Kentucky Derby easily at the end.

• being at the back of the pack at the start of the race,

• who at the back of the pack at the start of the race,

• at the back of the pack at the start of the race,

Japanese is a written language that consists of 3 types of writing, kanji, hiragana, and katakana.

• which consists of 3 types of writing,

• consists of 3 types of writing,

• consisting of 3 types of writing,

The rich woman, who was tired of losing her keys, decided to hire an assistant to carry them around for her.

• The rich woman, tired of losing her keys, decided to hire an assistant to carry them around for her.

• The rich woman, having tired of losing her keys, decided to hire an assistant to carry them around for her.

• The rich woman, tiring of losing her keys, decided to hire an assistant to carry them around for her.

Nancy likes restaurants that serve spicy food.

• Nancy likes restaurants having serve spicy food.

• Nancy likes restaurants serving spicy food.

• Nancy likes restaurants served spicy food.

His share of the money, which consisted of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.

• His share of the money, consisted of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.

• His share of the money, consisting of $100,000, was given to him on Monday.

• His share of the money which consisted of $100,000 was given to him on Monday.

The car which is being parked there is Ferarri.

• The car parked there is Ferarri.

• The car being parked there is Ferarri.

• The car parking there is Ferarri.

The books which were published that year are expensive.

• The books were published that year are expensive.

• The books which published that year are expensive.

• The books published that year are expensive.

• The books publishing that year are expensive.

The people who worked there got a raise last year.

• The people who worked there got a raise last year.

• The people worked there got a raise last year.

• The people work there got a raise last year.

• The people working there got a raise last year.