Unit I History and Approaches AP Psychology Baxer

Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?

• Plato
• John Locke
• René Descartes
• Aristotle

The first psychological laboratory was established by

• John Watson
• Wilhelm Wundt
• Sigmund Freud
• William James

This subfield of psychology focuses on how we view and affect one another. They study such topics as obedience, conformity, and crowd behavior.

• Psychometric psychologists

• Human factors psychologists

• Social psychologists

• Community psychologists

In explaining human behavior, psychoanalysts are likely to focus on ________, whereas humanistic psychologists concentrate on ________.

• evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings; self-reports of immediate physical sensations
  
• observable behavior; the way we perceive, process, and remember information
  
• childhood experiences and unconscious thought processes; current environmental influences on potential
• introspective reports of immediate sensations; empirical research relying on observation and experimentation

Humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of

• genetic predispositions.
• healthy growth potential.
• unconscious thoughts.
• punishment and reinforcement.

Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of

• thoughts, feelings, and perceptions.
• behavior and mental processes.
• conscious and unconscious mental activity.
• observable responses to the environment.

Arguments as to whether psychological differences between men and women result from biological or social influences most clearly involve a debate over the issue of

• evolution versus natural selection.
  
• evolution versus natural selection.
  
• structuralism versus functionalism.
• nature versus nurture.

Which perspective is most relevant to understanding the impact of strokes and brain diseases on memory?

• psychodynamic
• biological
• behavioral
• evolutionary

The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how

• people try to understand their own unconscious motives.
• feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
• people encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
• how behaviors and thinking vary across cultures.

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference enhanced the survival of our ancestors' genes. This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

• social-cultural
  
• behavioral
• cognitive
• evolutionary