DNA, RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Which of these people was an American scientist who discovered that certain nitrogen bases are always equal in any sample of DNA?

• Rosalind Franklin

• Erwin Chargaff

• James Watson

• Maurice Wilkins

Choose all that apply: The amount of _______ and _______ bases are equal in any sample of DNA.

• guanine; thymine

• guanine; cytosine

• adenine; guanine

• adenine; thymine

DNA molecules consist of small units called (a)   .

What forms the backbone of DNA?

• Nitrogen bases

• Alternating sugar and phosphate groups

• Deoxyribose

Where are the nitrogen bases located on a DNA molecule?

• on one strand of the DNA

• in the center of the two strands

• on both strands of the DNA

What occurs during DNA replication?

DNA ________ is the principal enzyme involved in DNA replication.

• Helicases

• Polymerase

• Uracil

• Purines

What is one difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is a single strand; RNA is a double strand.

• RNA has uracil that pairs with adenine; DNA has thymine that pairs with adenine.

• The sugar in DNA is ribose; the sugar in RNA is deoxyribose.

• There are no differences.

What is the function of transfer RNA?

• To gather amino acids for making the protein requested.

• To carry the instructions for making proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

• To bind mRNA and tRNA to the ribosome.

______ is the process of forming a strand of RNA from a strand of DNA.

• Transcription

• Translation

• Protein Synthesis

• Genetic Code