Review on Respiratory and Lymphatic Systems

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• To circulate blood throughout the body

• To filter waste from the blood

• To exchange gases between the body and the environment

• To break down food into nutrients

Answer explanation

The primary function of the respiratory system is to exchange gases between the body and the environment, specifically oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal, which is essential for cellular respiration.

Which organ is part of the lymphatic system?

• Kidney

• Pancreas

• Spleen

• Liver

Answer explanation

The spleen is part of the lymphatic system, playing a crucial role in filtering blood and supporting immune function. The kidney, pancreas, and liver are not part of this system.

How does the diaphragm contribute to breathing?

• By contracting and relaxing to change lung volume

• By producing mucus to trap particles

• By exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide

• By filtering air entering the lungs

Answer explanation

The diaphragm is a muscle that contracts and relaxes, which changes the volume of the thoracic cavity. This process creates pressure differences that allow air to flow in and out of the lungs, facilitating breathing.

What is the role of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

• To regulate blood sugar levels

• To store bile for digestion

• To produce red blood cells

• To filter lymph and trap pathogens

Answer explanation

Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the lymphatic system by filtering lymph fluid and trapping pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, helping to protect the body from infections.

Which structure prevents food from entering the respiratory tract?

• Bronchi

• Trachea

• Alveoli

• Epiglottis

Answer explanation

The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food from entering the respiratory tract. This structure is crucial for directing food to the esophagus and protecting the airway.