The First Programming Languages

In our previous simple program, the first four bits of an instruction was our ___

• memory location

• opcode

• Morse code instruction

• binary address

In our previous simple program, the second set of four bits defined ___

• the memory location

• the opcode

• the register address

• dots and dashes

English and Morse Code can convey the same message, they’re just ___

• variants of machine language

• inverted from one other

• encoded differently

• at a different memory location

Which method of encoding a message only uses dots and dashes?

• binary

• Morse Code

• Pseudo-Code

• Fortran

Computer hardware can only handle what kind of instructions?

• Pseudo-Code

• binary

• Fortran

• Cobol

The binary “language” computer processors natively speak is called Machine Code or ___

• OpCode

• Pseudo-Code

• Machine Language

• Cobol

An informal, high-level description of a program is called ___

• Pseudo-Code

• OpCode

• binary instructions

• Machine Language

Pseudo-Code can be translated into binary machine code by hand, using things like ___

• ballistic range tables

• opcode tables

• slide rules

• Morse Code

In the 1940's and 50's, opcodes were given simple names, called mnemonics, which were followed by ___

• Morse Code

• arguments

• operands

• constants

A utility program that reads in text-based instructions and converts them into binary instructions is called ___

• an assembler

• a mnemonics

• an algortithm

• a converter