22.3 The Rise of Napoleon & the Napoleonic Wars

[Preview] If you were born in the United States, spoke English as your first language, celebrated Independence Day on July 4th, and took summer vacations to Mount Rushmore and the Grand Canyon, you would probably call yourself an (a)   (8 letters).

[p1] Which of these adjectives describe Napoleon in his early life? THREE of these are mentioned in the textbook.

• Talented

• Beloved by his soldiers

• Well-read

• Very wealthy

• Loyal to the king

[p2] Where did Napoleon win a series of battles in 1796 against the Papal States & Austria, making him a hero and very popular back home in France?

• Italy

• the Low Countries

• Egypt

• Brazil

[p2] After the 1799 coup d'etat, Napoleon set up a government called the consulate. What was the Consulate? Select THREE from this list.

• In theory, a republic (no king, elected leaders, checks & balances)

• In reality, an absolute dictatorship under Napoleon (as "first consul")

• Borrowed titles & names from ancient Rome

• A constitutional republic modeled after the United States

• Borrowed titles & names from Chinese Confucian emperors

[Art] View the painting above by Jacques-Louis David. WHO places the crown on Josephine's head (and also crowned himself moments before this scene)?

• Napoleon Bonaparte

• The Catholic Pope

• King Louis XVI, who had lost the Revolution

• One of Napoleon's generals

[Art] View the painting by Jacques-Louis David in which Napoleon crowns his wife. What is the significance of who places the crown on the monarch's head?

• By crowning himself & his wife, Napoleon claims his power for himself, and does not receive it from anyone else including God.

• By receiving the crown from the Pope, Napoleon claims to receive his power from God.

• By receiving the crown from the previous king, Napoleon claims to be the rightful heir of the old royal dynasty.

• By receiving the crown from a general, Napoleon claims his power by right of arms & with the support of the army.

[p2] Napoleon's agreement with the Catholic Church...

• ...returned Church lands to the pope & clergy.

• ...recognized Catholicism as the majority religion of France.

• ...created more stability within France.

• ...did not satisfy the priests & lower classes.

[p3] What did the Civil Code, or Napoleonic Code, do for France's laws? Select THREE from this list.

• Simplified the legal system.

• Preserved many of the principles of the Revolution, such as legal equality & the abolition of serfdom.

• Made women "less equal than men," a step back from the radical stage of the Revolution.

• Outlawed the guillotine for public executions.

• Firmly established women's equality with men in France.

[p3] Promotion within Napoleon's new bureaucracy was...

• ...based on height & weight.

• ...given to those Napoleon favored, but was taken away when they fell out of favor.

• ...based on ability only, not rank or birth.

• ...designed to benefit the nobility and keep the middle class in its place.

[p3] How was Napoleon the "Preserver of the Revolution"? TWO of these are correct.

• His Civil Code firmly established legal equality for all males.

• His government was open to more people, not just the well-born.

• He made women equal to men in his Empire.

• He sold Louisiana to the United States to fund his wars.