The Solar System - 6.11AB

In 1996, the comet Hale Bopp came close to Jupiter and its orbit around the sun changed from 4200 years to 2380 years. For scientists to understand the orbital changes in the comet Hale Bopp, first they must understand -

• the composition of Jupiter

• the magnetic attraction of objects

• gravitational attraction of objects

• the similarities of planets and comets

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Two identically sized and shaped balls are dropped from a height of 50 feet. The first ball has a mass of 15 kg, and the second ball has a mass of 45 kg. Which statement describes the effect of dropping both balls at the same time?

• The first ball will hit the ground after the second ball.

• The second ball will hit the ground after the first ball.

• Both balls will hit the ground at the same time.

• Both balls will hit with the same force.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

The planets of the solar system revolve around the Sun in orbits because of the Sun's —

• gravity

• rotation

• heat energy

• magnetic field

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Within our solar system is a collection of planets, moons, asteroids, and other smaller objects. They all MOST likely share which characteristic?

• composition

• reflectivity

• size and shape

• size and shape of their orbits

• Object A

• Object B

• Object C

• They all have equal amounts of gravitational pull.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

An object will continue moving in a straight line unless it is acted on by an unbalanced force. Which of the following best explains Earth’s motion?

• There is no unbalanced force acting on Earth because space is empty and nothing touches Earth.

• The gravitational force pulling Earth toward the sun is equal and opposite to the force pulling the sun toward Earth, so there is no unbalanced force acting on Earth.

• The sun moves in an elliptical orbit around Earth, and the sun’s gravity pulls Earth along.

• Earth moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun because the gravitational force of the sun attracts Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

A student writes the following in his notes: This object in space is much bigger than Earth. It is mostly gas and is generally round. It has many moons and is closer than Saturn to Earth. Which of these is the student describing?

• Sun

• Jupiter

• Venus

• Mars

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

• Planet A

• Planet B

• Planet C

• Planet D

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

• Jupiter is closer to the Sun and can move faster than the Earth allowing it to have the ability to gather comets for moons.

• The gas that makes up Jupiter creates a friction in space which causes material to develop near it, making new moons.

• Jupiter is a larger planet that Earth and has a larger gravitational attraction. This causes other objects to orbit it from a greater distance.

• The large moons orbiting around Jupiter trap comets that are orbiting nearby and helps them form into smaller moons.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Astronomers track asteroids as they move throughout our solar system. The path of an asteroid is illustrated below. What force is most responsible for the path this asteroid follows?

• Gravitational pull from the center of the Milky Way galaxy

• Newton’s 1st law of motion that says objects want to travel in a straight line

• Centripetal force that governs objects will move in circular patterns

• Gravitational pull from the sun

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4