Gas Exchange System (2)

Which statements about bronchioles is correct? (1) They have ciliated cells (2) They have goblet cells (3) They have muscle tissue

• 1, 2 and 3
• 1 and 2 only
• 1 and 3 only
• 2 and 3 only

With reference to the diagram, which features are important for the diffusion of oxygen out of an alveolus?

• 1, 2 and 3

• 1, 3 and 4

• 1 and 3 only

• 2 and 4 only

The surface tension of a layer of liquid lining the alveoli tends to pull the walls inwards so alveoli could collapse. Which statements could explain how this is prevented? (1) Alveolar fluid is moved around by cilia (2) Elastic fibres keep the alveoli open (3) Epithelial cells secrete a chemical that reduces the cohesion in water

• 1 and 2
• 1 and 3
• 2 and 3
• 3 only

Which statement about typical bronchioles is correct?

• they have cartilage and ciliated cells
• they have goblet cells and smooth muscles
• they have smooth muscles and cartilage
• they have smooth muscles and ciliated cells

With reference to the diagram which shows an alveolus and the associated blood capillary, and the arrow indicates the direction of blood flow; which region has the lowest oxygen concentration?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which row represents the characteristics of a bronchiole?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The squamous epithelial cells of the alveoli form part of the gas exchange system. How do these cells assist gas exchange? (1) They contain many mitochondria (2) They have a large surface are (3) They provide a short diffusion path

• 1 and 2 only

• 1 and 3 only

• 2 and 3 only

• 1, 2 and 3

Which row in the table represent the correct locations of the ciliated, goblet and squamous epithelial cells?

• A

• B

• C

• D

A disease damages alveoli. Which effect does this have on the gas exchange surface area and volume of the lungs?

• surface area reduces and volume of lungs reduces
• surface area reduces but there's not change to volume of lungs
• surface area increases and volume of lungs increases
• surface area increases but there's no change to volume of lungs

Which of the following does not increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the alveoli?

• the blood capillaries and alveoli have large surface area

• blood flow is slowed down as it passes through the pulmonary capillaries

• the walls of the alveoli and capillaries are moist

• the walls of the alveoli and capillaries are thin