1 The Sun is the closest star to the Earth, but it is just one type of star in the Universe. There are many types of stars with various sizes and temperatures. The diagram represents stars that are in their main sequence. Where on the diagram would the sun most likely be found

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

Which of the following would BEST support the theory that the universe undergoes cycles of expansion and contraction that last billions of years?

• finding another planet in the solar system that is similar to earth

• discovering life-forms on another planet

• observing blue and red shifts from galaxies

• calculating the age of the universe.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Which of the following generally describe the position of our sun, often called Sol by astronomers, in the Milky Way galaxy?

• Sol is found close to the galactic core and orbits within the Milky Way more slowly than the galactic arms.

• Sol is found near the periphery of the Milky Way and orbits faster than the galactic arms.

• Sol is found at approximately one-half galactic radius from the center of the Milky Way and orbits at approximately the same speed as the galactic arms.

• Sol is found at the geometric center of the Milky Way galaxy and does not move within the Galaxy.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The table above shows the distance between Earth and seven relatively nearby stars in the galaxy.

According to the table, the Sun is —

• about a million of times closer to Earth than any of the other stars.

• about as close to Earth as the other stars.

• thousands of times farther from Earth than any of the other stars.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Light from the Sun takes about eight minutes to reach Earth, but light from other stars can take several years. Which of the following best explains why this is true?

• The Sun is the closest star to Earth.

• The Sun is the largest star in the galaxy.

• The Sun's light moves faster than other stars' light.

• The Sun's light is a brighter color than other stars' light.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which statement best describes a galaxy?

• A cloud of gas that is the birthplace of stars

• A system of billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity

• A ball of plasma that experiences nuclear fusion in its core

• A mass of dust and ice that orbits a star in an elliptical pattern

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

What makes up a galaxy?

• a group of stars that together form a visible pattern

• a collection of planets orbiting a central star system

• any object that has smaller bodies caught within its gravity

• a massive collection of star systems orbiting a central point

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

A spiral galaxy —

• has an undefined shape that is constantly changing.

• has a bulging middle and arms that coil outwards.

• is flattened and elongated.

• is perfectly round.

Which image illustrates a spiral galaxy?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Which of the following is an accurate statement about irregular galaxies?

• They have more available gas and dust than other types of galaxies.

• They have barred arms extending from the center.

• They are shaped like basketballs.

• They are not held together by gravity as strongly as other galaxies.