23.3 Nationalism, Unification, & Reform

[Preview + 8th US History] Nationalism was a force for unifying new countries, but it also threatened to tear apart others. Between 1848 & 1865, the United States was terribly divided over the issue of...

• slavery.

• abortion.

• taxes.

• separation of church & state.

[p1] What brief conflict led to the breakdown of the "Concert of Europe," made Russia & Austria enemies, and made possible the unifications of both Germany & Italy.

• The Crimean War

• The Revolutions of 1848

• The US Civil War

[p1] The Crimean War involved Russia fighting against... Select THREE from this list.

• the Ottoman Empire

• Great Britain

• France

• Prussia

• the United States

[p2] TWO leaders of Italian unification were ____, the prime minister of Piedmont, and ______, a "dedicated patriot."

• Otto von Bismarck

• the Austrian Empire

• Louis-Napoleon

• Camillo di Cavour

• Giuseppe Garibaldi

[p2] After Garibaldi chose to turn over his conquests to Piedmont, who became the king of a united Italy in 1861?

• King Victor Emmanuel of Piedmont

• Emperor Louis-Napoleon of France

• Archduke Maximilian of Austria

• Otto von Bismarck of Prussia

[p2] In the mid-19th century, Prussia was known for its MILITARISM, or its reliance on...

• military strength.

• popular sovereignty.

• slave labor.

• a large navy.

[p2] How did Bismarck respond to "legislative opposition to the military reforms"?

• Bismarck bowed to the authority of parliament and did not enlarge the army.

• Bismarck ignored parliament and governed without its approval.

• Bismarck resigned as prime minister and retired to the countryside.

• Bismarck led a coup d'etat and arrested his opponents in the parliament.

[p3] Which THREE countries did Prussia attack & defeat between 1864-1871, leading to a unified German Empire?

• Denmark

• Austria

• France

• Russia

• United States

[p3] After Prussia's successful war against France, what title did the Prussian king take as ruler of the Second German Empire?

• Chancellor

• Kaiser

• Czar

• Generalissimo

[p4] Great Britain avoided revolution & instead experienced stability partly because it...

• gave the industrial middle class the vote.

• gave women the vote.

• built up the British navy.

• expanded railroads.