POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)

A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.

• DNA ligase

• restriction enzymes

• gel electrophoresis

• polymerase chain reaction

From where does Taq polymerase come?

• Bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents/hot springs.

• Cambodia

• The rain forest

• The CDC

What happens in the Denature step of PCR?

• The DNA nucleotides are broken apart.
• The base-pairing rules for DNA are reversed.
• The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single strands of DNA.
• The DNA is returned to its natural setting.

What happens during the Anneal step of PCR?

• Primers are created.
• The primers attach to the target DNA region.
• Primers copy the new DNA strand.
• Primers sequence DNA

What is the function of a primer?

• To identify the particular region of DNA to be copied by PCR.
• To copy DNA.
• To create DNA nucleotides.
• To maintain the temperature of the PCR reaction.

What is the purpose of the Extension step of PCR?

• To create the primers.
• To extend the time it takes to produce DNA.
• To allow polymerase to create the complementary strands of DNA.
• To allow substrates to copy DNA sequences.

Why does PCR require a specific type of polymerase?

• Taq polymerase can withstand the range of temperatures in PCR without denaturing.
• Taq polymerase is the most inexpensive type of polymerase.
• Taq polymerase is the most common type of polymerase.
• A specific type of polymerase is unnecessary.

What type of bonds hold the two strands of DNA together?

• Hydrogen bonds
• Covalent bonds
• Dipole-Dipole bonds
• Ionic bonds

What are the base-pairing rules in DNA?

• A-C, G-T
• A-U, G-C
• A-T, G-C
• A-C, G-U

If the primer sequence is TCG, what section of DNA will it anneal?

• AGC

• CAT

• GAC

• ATC