Which of the following best defines a gene?

A segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein

A diploid cell containing two sets of chromosomes

A unit made up of chromosomes that control for a specific trait

All the other answers are correct.

At a point in the cell cycle, chromosomes have aligned near the middle of a cell. Which sequence of events will the cell need to complete to produce two identical daughter cells?

anaphase - telophase - cytokinesis

anaphase II - telophase II - cytokinesis II

prophase - metaphase - anaphase

metaphase II - anaphase II - telophase II

The genetic event shown in the diagram can occur during meiosis. Which statement best describes this type of event?

Segments of homologous chromosomes are exchanged, resulting in cells that will be genetically different.

Gene sequences that are identical are replicated and added to the homologous chromosome

Sections of DNA between nonhomologous chromosomes are exchanged, decreasing genetic diversity

The traits from two sections of the same DNA strand are altered, resulting in the production of a new species.

Which activity would a cell be unable to perform if a mutation occurred that caused the Golgi apparatus to stop functioning?

packaging proteins for transport out of the cell

processing mRNA as it is transcribed from DNA strands

providing the location for the delivery of amino acids by tRNA

producing a template to guide the sequencing of amino acid chains

Which statement describes how cloning is different from selective breeding?

Cloning results in offspring genetically identical to the parents

Cloning eliminates recessive alleles from a genome.

Cloning transforms harmful traits into beneficial traits.

Cloning corrects or replaces mutated gene sequences.

Which statement best describes how geographic isolation can contribute to land animal speciation?

Geographic isolation physically separates populations and prevents them from interacting.

Geographic isolation physically separates populations but allows them to interact

Geographic isolation causes genetic changes in individual organisms but allows them to interact.

Geographic isolation causes genetic changes in individual organisms and prevents them from interacting

Whales have vestigial femurs and pelvic bones. Which statement explains why the vestigial structures are most likely present in whales?

Whales evolved over time from ancestors that lived on land.

Whales evolved over time from fish species that once lived on land

Hind legs are an adaptation in whales that is selected for as they evolve into land mammals.

Hind legs are an evolutionary adaptation observed in whales that walk along the ocean floor

Which population description is most likely represented by the graph?

A population of birds quickly increases but then becomes stable due to limiting factors in the environment.

A population of mice slowly increases but then fluctuates seasonally as predators raise their young and limit prey populations.

A population of fish quickly increases in the spring when there is plenty of food but then decreases quickly in the fall when food is limited.

A population of wolves slowly increases because of limiting factors in the environment but then increases constantly when additional prey migrate into the environment.

Asian carp are an invasive species of fish. These large fish eat up to 40% of their body weight per day by feeding on phytoplankton. The carp also reproduce quickly. If these fish were to enter Lake Erie, how would the Presque Isle coastal ecosystem most likely be affected?

Most consumers in the ecosystem would face a shortage of food, and larger fish, such as walleye, would be unable to thrive.

Producers in the ecosystem would grow at a faster rate, and smaller fish such as yellow perch would thrive.

The invasive fish would prey on mollusks such as mussels, but native fish species would quickly eat the invasive fish.

Consumers in the higher trophic levels would suffer stress, but crustaceans such as amphipods would be unaffected.

A group of students measured a ten-square-meter section of a pond ecosystem and recorded observations. Which statement is a testable hypothesis?

If the frogs are startled, then they will jump into the water.

The frogs living in the pond represent a population.

Water is an abiotic component in the pond ecosystem.

If the fish are given more food, then they will be happier.

Which description is the best example of a population?

all of the red foxes in a forest

all of the red foxes in every forest

all of the organisms in a forest

all of the organisms in every forest

A student studying the biosphere makes a list of biotic and abiotic characteristics of various biomes. Which characteristic is considered a biotic factor?

evergreen trees present in a coniferous forest

dry, sandy, nutrient-poor soil in a desert

less than 25 cm of precipitation in a desert

temperature range of -40 to 40°C in a grassland

Which example describes a mutualistic relationship between organisms?

Ants protect a tree on which they feed.

Young wasps prey on caterpillars.

Crabs eat the remains of dead fish.

Tapeworms feed on food in the intestines of cats.

What best describes the genetic material shown in photograph B.

The chromosomes are in anaphase

The chromosomes are in metaphase

DNA is possibly being replicated

The genetic material is around the poles and cytokinesis is occurring

The genetic code is nearly universal. That means, with few exceptions, the same codons code for the same amino acids in all organisms. What does the near universality of the genetic code suggest?

All life-forms have a common evolutionary ancestor.

All life-forms can reproduce with one another

All life-forms have the same number of genes.

All life-forms arose about the same time in Earth’s history.

Which sequence depicts the correct order of protein synthesis within a cell?

DNA → mRNA → amino acids → proteins

DNA → amino acids → mRNA → proteins

DNA → mRNA → proteins → amino acids

DNA → proteins → amino acids → mRNA

Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?

RNA carries the code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis

RNA carries the code to the nucleus where DNA translates the code into a protein

DNA travels to the ribosome where RNA translates the code into a protein

DNA travels to the cytoplasm while RNA remains in the nucleus

Biology Keystone Review Module 2

Authored by Jamie Edmonds

Biology

9th - 10th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 78+ times

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40 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

What is the major difference between a community and an ecosystem?

A community involves only the biotic, not the abiotic

An ecosystem only includes herbivores and carnivores-- no decomposers

An ecosystem involves only the biotic, AND THE abiotic

An ecosystem is just a larger community

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following is a biotic-biotic interaction?

A snake warming itself on a sunny rock

A rainstorm washing nutrients from the soil

A human shivering because of cold weather

a squirrel gathering acorns from an oak tree

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Two organisms that are closely related would have

very similar DNA sequence

exactly the same DNA sequences

no proteins in common

completely different DNA sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

When Hurricane Marilyn struck the Caribbean islands in 1995, a group of about 15 green iguanas floated on storm debris from the island of Guadeloupe to the island of Anguilla. No other iguanas lived on Anguilla. Because the iguanas are geographically isolated from others of their species, the iguanas will MOST LIKELY

develop new traits.

be unable to breed.

be unable to survive.

interbreed with other species.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

The drastic reduction in genetic variation that results when a new, isolated population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population is known as

the found effect.

speciation.

natural selection.

gene flow.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Dr. Smith's parents have normal hearing. However, Dr. Smith has inherited a form of deafness. Deafness is a recessive trait that is associated with the abnormal allele (d). The allele associated with normal hearing is (D). Dr. Smith's parents could have which of the following genotypes?

DD and dd

dd and dd

Dd and Dd

DD and DD

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?

50%

100%

25%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

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Biology Keystone Review Module 2

What is the major difference between a community and an ecosystem?

Which of the following is a biotic-biotic interaction?

Two organisms that are closely related would have

The drastic reduction in genetic variation that results when a new, isolated population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population is known as

Dr. Smith's parents have normal hearing. However, Dr. Smith has inherited a form of deafness. Deafness is a recessive trait that is associated with the abnormal allele (d). The allele associated with normal hearing is (D). Dr. Smith's parents could have which of the following genotypes?

What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?

Identify the phase.

All of the offspring of an organism have the same genetic material, which is identical to the parent organism. From this, we can conclude that this organism -

The table shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the DNA of several different organisms. Some of the values are missing from the table. Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken DNA should be approximately what?

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