The Arab-Israeli Conflict: Suez, 6-Day and Yom Kippur Wars

Who became leader of Egypt shortly after the British withdrew from the country?

• David Ben Gurion

• Yasser Arafat

• Anwar Sadat

• Gamal Abder Nasser

Which new project did Nasser hope would contribute to making Egypt a strong, independent, modern country?

• Aswan Dam

• Suez Canal

• Pyramids of Giza

• Fortification of the Gaza Strip

How did Nasser intend to pay for his project to modernise Egypt before the events of October 1956?

• Ask the USSR for a favourable loan

• Ask the USA for a favourable loan

• Nationalise the Suez Canal and collect tariffs from boats passing through

• Increase taxation, especially on the Gaza Strip

Why were Israel keen to take military action against Egypt in 1956?

• Egypt was blocking the straights Tiran to Israeli shipping

• Israel was concerned about the growing Soviet influence in Egypt

• Israel wanted to seize the Gaza Strip from Egypt

• Israel want some control over the Suez Canal

How did many Arab Oil producing countries react to Britain, France's military action against Egypt in 1956?

• They sent military aid to Egypt

• They quadrupled the price of oil

• They threatened to invade Israel

• They stopped selling oil to Britain and France

What military action did Britain, France and Israel take against Egypt in October 1956?

• Israel captured Sinai, Britain and France bombed Egyptian air bases and seized the Suez Canal with paratroopers

• British and French navies blockaded the entrance to the Nile and the Suez Canal whilst Israel seized the land around the canal

• British,French and Israeli troops launched a joint attack on Egypt from Israel through the Sinai desert

• The Israel navy attacked Egyptian forces on the Straights of Tiran whilst British and French amphibious units seized the Suez Canal

What was the resolution of the Suez Conflict of 1956?

• Egypt controlled the Suez Canal, UN Peace keepers ensured the the Straits of Tiran were open to Israeli shipping

• Britain and France retained control of the Suez Canal in return for funding the Aswan Dam project. Israeli retained control of Sinai

• Russian troops were brought in to hold the Suez Canal for Egypt after Britain and France withdrew. Israel were given the Straits of Tiran

• Egypt pushed the Israeli army out of the Sinai and captured some land in the south of Egypt for Palestinian refugees

Why did the British and French troops withdraw from the Suez Canal

• The Egyptian army received Soviet military aid and pushed them out

• International outrage meant that not even America would sell Britain and France oil

• The Israelis warned the British and French that their presence would destabilise the area

• There were public protests Paris and London against their government's actions

Why did Israel launch co-ordinated attacks on Egypt, Jordan and Syria in 1967?

• They wanted to assist their French and British Allies by capturing the Suez Canal

• Due to the large numbers of Jewish immigrants coming to Israel, they needed to expand their borders

• Due to defence treaties being signed between Egypt, Jordan and Syria and Egypt expelling UN peacekeepers, Israel saw it as a pre-emptive strike.

• USA encouraged Israel to attack, fearing growing Soviet influence in the region.

What devastating tactic did the Israeli armed forces us to defeat the combined forces of Egypt, Syria and Jordan so quickly?

• They used old Fedayeen tunnels to place their troops in postition, undetected by Egyptian forces

• They used a fleet of Huey helicopters, provided by USA, to drop paratroopers behind enemy lines to disrupt supplies

• The Israelis amassed a large tank army and used Blitzkreig tactics similar to those used by Germany in 1939

• The Israeli air force destroyed the Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian air forces in a surprise attack on the first day of the war.