The two basic ways in which bending occurs in optics is by ________ and ________ .

• reflection, intervention

• Intersection, rectangular

• intersection, refraction

• reflection, refraction

Different length of waves have different colours, the shorter waves are _______ in colour and the longest waves are ______ .

• blue, yellow

• red, magenta

• blue, red

• white, red

What is an incandescent lamp?

• Low pressure gas discharge lamp

• An electric current passes through a thin filament, heating it until it produces light

• Contains high pressure gas inside the bulb allowing the filament to burn hotter and longer

• A tiny electronic device that emits light

A transformer

• transforms voltage and amperage up or down

• produces lighting pollution

• transform white light into colour light

• limits the amount of current in an electric circuit

The colour variation is referred to as the colour temperature and is measured in degrees

• Candela

• Kelvin

• Luminous flux

• Lumen

Various techniques are needed for an effective lighting design. One of the techniques is accent lighting that

• diffuse light that fills a room, reduces shadows and create a sense of openness and comfort

• looks attractive rather than provide much useful light

• requires an understanding of where items might be placed that deserve particular attention

• creates soft ambient light

Electronic ballasts are now most commonly used, in spite of their higher acquisition costs, they have many advantages such as

• to step up or down a voltage

• automatic shutdown in case of a fault in the lamp

• good energy utilization

• a quick and flicker-free start

• quiet operation

Glare is a visual sensation caused by

• an inconstant or wavering light

• cosy and dimmed lighting

• the colour variation of light

• excessive and uncontrolled brightness

The benefits of using LED Technology lamps are

• It creates glare

• To reduce power consumption by up to 80%

• Mainly for decoration purposes

• Direct coherent light source with a high contrast at lower levels and zero light overspill

• Power directed to light, no heat

Interior lighting design involves both quantity and quality of lights. The essential functions of interior lighting are

• To provide visual comfort

• To provide lighting pollution

• To provide comfortable working environment

• To provide particular illumination effect

• To provide visual acuteness