4-PS3-1 Energy

A student kicks a soccer ball into a goal. The speed of the ball is reduced when it hits the net.

What conclusion can be drawn about the kinetic energy of the ball upon hitting the net?

• The ball’s kinetic energy decreases because its speed increases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy increases because its speed decreases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy increases because its speed increases.

• The ball’s kinetic energy decreases because its speed decreases.

How can the kinetic energy of a moving object be decreased?

• Change the color of the object.

• Change the temperature of the object.

• Decrease the speed of the object.

• Increase the mass of the object.

A student is pushing a toy car down a ramp. If the student places the toy car on the ramp again and increases the force used to push the toy car, what will happen?

• The kinetic energy will increase, and the toy car will go faster.

• The kinetic energy will decrease, and the toy car will go faster.

• The potential energy will increase, and the toy car will go slower.

• The potential energy will decrease, and the toy car will go slower.

A list of objects is shown in a table.

1. Moving Bus
2. Glass kept on a table
3. Pebble rolling down a hill
4. Car parked in a garage

Which object(s) possess(es) kinetic energy?

• 1 only

• 4 only

• 1 and 3

• 2 and 4

Which is an example of kinetic energy?

• a book sitting on a shelf

• a ball rolling down a hill

• a runner about to start a race

• a window getting hot from the sun

At what points does the marble have the least kinetic energy, and why?

• Points R and S; the marble is moving at point R and picks up speed at point S.

• Points R and T; the marble is not moving at point R and slows to a stop at point T.

• Points S and T; the marble picks up speed at point S and slows to a stop at point T.

• Points R, S, and T; the marble is not moving at all three points.

What type of energy does the toy have when placed at the top of the stairs.

• electric

• kinetic

• potential

• magnetic

A student performs jumping jack exercises in the gym. The student starts and stops the exercise for each jumping jack.

At which points is the student using kinetic energy and storing potential energy?

• The student stores potential energy when slowing down and uses kinetic energy when speeding up.

• The student uses kinetic energy when slowing down and stores potential energy when speeding up.

• The student uses kinetic energy when stopped and stores potential energy when moving.

• The student stores potential energy when stopped and uses kinetic energy when moving.

The ram on a crane uses the force of kinetic energy to push a spike into the ground.

From which position should the ram be released to have the greatest kinetic energy when it hits the spike?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

A class is measuring the amount of kinetic energy a toy car has as it travels down a ramp. Students observe that the toy car’s speed increases as it travels down the ramp.

Which statement best describes the toy car’s kinetic energy as it travels down the ramp?

• The kinetic energy increases as potential energy decreases.

• The kinetic energy increases as speed decreases.

• The kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases.

• The kinetic energy decreases as speed increases.