Tropical Peat is a type of soil, which parent material is from?

• Lime stone

• Clay stone

• Trunks

• Sand

While, temperate peat is soil made of.....

• Trunks

• Spagnum/herb

• Clay stone

• Lime stone

In Indonesia, peat is largely situated in...

• Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua

• Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan

• Papua

• Sumatra

Some ecosystem functions of natural tropical peat swamp forest include:

• Regulates water, storing water in dry season, and distribute excess water in rainy seasons

• Sequestering carbon from the atmosphere

• A land for oil palm plantations

• A land for industrial plantations

• Providing indeginous products

One of the largest existing uses of tropical peatlands in Indonesia is....

• Agroforestry

• Horticultiure

• Palidiculture

• Agriculture of oil palm

Oil palm plantations in tropical peatlands preliminerily require....to provide aeration for the plant to grow

• Hole in hole planting

• Soil tillage

• Drainages

• Fertilizers

After drainages are established in tropical peatlanda used for drainage base agriculture, the first stage of subsidence process takes place, it is ...

• Decomposition

• Consolidation

• Further decomposition

Consolidation process causes peatland to subside rapidly to a rate of 30 cm per year, accompanied by continous decomposition, what will happen to peatlands if subsidence continues...

To prevent further subsidence in tropical peatlands, it is necessary to

• Stopping excessive drainages aimed for rewetting

• Bulding infrastructures to hold the subsidence

• Planting plants as many as possible

• Pumping water

When, rewetting of tropical peatlanda take places, the other necessary step is

• Revegetation to assist natural regeneration and seed dispersal

• Developing new plantations like those had been developed before rewetting

• Developing new economic alternatives

• Redraining the peatlands