Electrons in Atoms AS Level

The first six ionisation energies of four elements, A to D, are given. Which element is most likely to be in Group IV of the Periodic Table?

• A

• B

• C

• D

In which species are the numbers of electrons and neutrons equal?

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Galium nitride, GaN, could revolutionise the design of electric light bulbs because only a small length used as a filament gives excellent light at low cost. Gallium nitride is an ionic compound containing Ga³⁺ ion.

What is the electron arrangement of the nitrogen ion in gallium nitride?

• 1s² 2s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶

The diagram show the possible paths of subatomic particles moving in an electric field in a vacuum. Which diagrams are correct?

• 1 and 2 only

• 2 and 3 only

• 1 and 3 only

• 1,2 and 3

The first seven ionisation energies of an element between lithium and neon in the Periodic Table are as follows.

1310

3390

5320

7450

11000

13300

71000

What is the outer electronic configuration of the element?

• 2s²

• 2s² 2p¹

• 2s² 2p⁴

• 2s² 2p⁶

Which graph represents the number of unpaired p orbital electrons for atoms with proton numbers 13 to 18?

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What could be the proton number of an element that has three unpaired electrons in each of its atoms?

• 5

• 13

• 15

• 21

The elements radon (Rn), francium (Fr) and radium (Ra) have consecutive proton numbers in the Periodic Table.

What is the order of their first ionisation energies?

• A

• B

• C

• D

The electronic structures of calcium (Z=20), krypton (Z=36), phosphorous (Z=15) and an element X are shown. Which electronic structure is that of element X?

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁶ 4s²

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶

In forming ionic compounds, elements generally form an ion with the electronic structure of a noble gas. Which ion does not have a noble gas electronic structure?

• I⁻ (Z=53)

• Rb⁺ (Z=37)

• Sn²⁺ (Z=50)

• Sr²⁺ (Z=38)