How you understand HD?

1.What is the correct range of molecular weight of small molecules?

• <50 Da

• <500 Da

• <50k Da

What are the main treatment factors that can cause IDH? (please select all answers that apply)

• High ultrafiltration volume

• Low ultrafiltration rate

• Acetate containing buffer (even small amounts)

• Lower dialysate sodium <135 mmol/L & lower dialysate calcium <1.25 mmol/L

• Dialysate temperature

1.What system component accounts for the majority of exposure of the patient’s blood to foreign material and is a major component of biocompatibility?

What are the main components of dialysis fluid?

• Sodium

• Potassium

• Calcium

• Magnesium

• Bicarbonate

According to EBPG Dialysis Strategies Guidelines (2007) – Guideline 4.1 – minimum adequate dialysis, which subsets of patients may require higher doses of eKt/V up to 1.4? (Please select the 2 correct answers)

• Females

• Diabetics

• High comorbidity patients

• Elderly

• Males

What molecule is being described? A circulating “waste bin”; Used as a biomarker for large MM removal; greater removal associated with less symptoms of restless leg syndrome; molecular weight 33 kDa.

• Beta-2 macroglobulin

• Interleukin 6

• Alpha 1 macroglobulin

• Phosphate

Which molecule size is being described below?

Performance of HDx therapy enabled by the THERANOVA 400 dialyzer. Substantially better than high-flux HD at blood flow rates of 300 and 400 mL/min. Similar or better than high volume HDF at blood flow rate 400 mL/min.

• Large molecules (e.g. essential proteins such as Albumin)

• Conventional middle molecules

• Large middle molecules

• Small solutes

Albumin removal is moderate with HDx therapy, 3 grams on average with no treatment above 4 grams.

• True

• False

Urea and _______ are two of the waste products removed from the kidneys they come from the breakdown of ___________ and muscle.

Which type of therapy can be described by the following:

Small solutes: Good removal by diffusion, determined by QB.

Conventional middle molecules: Effective removal.

Large middle molecules: Good removal, depending on

membrane permeability and convective volume.

• HDF

• LF HD

• HDx

• HF HD