Chapter 1 - Science & Marine Biology

Oceans are important in all but the following ways:

• solar-powered engines that drive weather patterns.

• provide a substantial amount of the world's food supply.

• marine organisms are important for scientific research.

• a direct source of fresh water for arid lands.

• a source of industrial and medicinal materials.

Oceanography is the study of:

• the living organisms that inhabit the sea.

• the oceans and their phenomena.

• the oceans and living organisms.

• the chemical makeup of the oceans.

• the interactions of marine organisms with their environment.

Marine biology is the study of:

• the living organisms that inhabit the sea.

• the oceans and their phenomena.

• the oceans and living organisms.

• the chemical makeup of the oceans.

• biogeochemical processes.

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The most complete scientific picture of the oceans comes from:

• thorough oceanographic studies.

• thorough marine biology studies.

• combining oceanography and marine biology information.

• having ocean usage policies.

• the popular media.

Knowledge of the ocean can come from all except:

• robotics.

• ocean law.

• deep submersibles.

• SCUBA studies.

• computers and new technologies.

The following marine biologist was aboard the HMS Beagle in 1831:

• Edward Forbes.

• Charles Wyville Thomson.

• Alexander Agassiz.

• Charles Darwin.

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

Charles Darwin's observations while aboard the HMS Beagle led eventually to the:

• idea that life started on land.

• theory that life's origin was in fresh water.

• theory for the process that causes evolution.

• re-birth of marine biology.

• idea that life could not survive in the deep sea.

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Darwin produced a well respected monograph on:

• mussels.

• sea lizards.

• Galapagos turtles.

• barnacles.

• marine fossils.

Modern oceanography and marine biology were attributed to:

• the voyage of the Beagle.

• the discoveries of Alvin.

• the laying of the transatlantic telegraph cable.

• expeditions of Alexander Agassiz.

• the Challenger expedition.

The chief scientist on the HMS Challenger expedition was:

• Charles Darwin.

• Victor Hensen.

• Alexander Agassiz.

• Charles Wyville Thomson.

• Edward Forbes.