AP Psychology Ch 7A Cognition Memory

•Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin’s classic three-stage model of memory includes all of the following, except:

• A. short- term memory

• B. long-term memory

• C. flashbulb memory

• D. sensory memory

•When you hear familiar words in your native language, it is virtually impossible not to register the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the importance of:

• A. chunking.

• B. flashbulb memory.

• C. automatic processing.

• D. iconic memory.

•According to the serial position effect, you will remember more:

• A. items at the beginning and end of a list, than in the middle.

• B. items in the middle of a list, than at the beginning and end.

• C. vocabulary words if you process them visually.

• D. vocabulary words if you process them acoustically.

•Which of the following processes is likely to result in the best memory for words?

• A. visual encoding

• B. acoustic encoding

• C. rote memorization

• D. semantic encoding

•Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

• A. amygdala

• B. hypothalamus

• C. sensory cortex

• D. motor cortex

Priming refers to:

• A. the sense that one has been in a particular situation before.

• B. better recall for experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood.

• C. attributing a memory to an erroneous source.

• D. the activation of associations in memory.

The reason most North Americans cannot accurately describe the head of a penny is due to:

• A. storage decay

• B. encoding failure

• C. motivated forgetting

• D. retrieval failure

After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle accident, Adam cannot form new memories. He can, however, remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates:

• A. repression

• B. retroactive interference

• C. encoding failure

• D. source amnesia

During her evening Spanish language exam, Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates:

• A. the spacing effect

• B. proactive interference

• C. retroactive interference

• D. state-dependent memory

The surprising ease with which people form false memories best illustrates that the processes of encoding and retrieval involve:

• A. implicit memory

• B. automatic processing

• C. long-term potentiation

• D. memory construction