Quiz about Nature of Science - Timko

Question 1

A pot of boiling water on the stove is an example of a closed system.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 2

A scientific hypothesis must be testable.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 3

Scientists read each other's work only after it is published.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 4

If you drop a book from your hand to the floor, some of the ___ energy of the book will be converted to ___ energy.

Accepted Answer

potential; kinetic

Answer

kinetic; potential

Answer

electromagnetic; kinetic

Answer

potential; electromagnetic

Question 5

When coal is burned completely into carbon dioxide and other gases, the total amount of matter of the gases ___.

Accepted Answer

equals the mass of the coal

Answer

equals half of the volume of the coal

Answer

is less than the mass of the coal

Answer

is less than the volume of the coal

Question 6

An acidic solution has a pH greater than 7.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 7

Organic compounds always contain carbon.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 8

Whenever matter undergoes a physical or chemical change, no atoms are created or destroyed.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 9

Energy associated with motion is called potential energy.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 10

In an efficient physical change, more energy comes out than goes in.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 11

A feedback loop occurs when an output is fed back into a system that leads to changes in that system.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 12

What is the primary goal of a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

To test the effect of a single variable.

Answer

To prove a hypothesis correct.

Answer

To manipulate data.

Answer

To gather as much data as possible.

Question 13

A scientific law is a(n)

Accepted Answer

well-tested and widely accepted description of repeated occurrences in nature

Answer

scientific theory that has been proven and is beyond questioning

Answer

description of how people should act when interacting with nature

Answer

description of the steps scientists must follow to perform research effectively

Question 14

A scientific law is a scientific theory that has been thoroughly tested.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 15

Matter can exist in three physical states - solid, liquid, and compound.

Accepted Answer

false

Answer

true

Question 16

Sscientists cannot actually measure a process like soil erosion over the entire planet, so they ___.

Accepted Answer

use statistical sampling and scientific models to make estimates

Answer

prove their hypotheses without the use of external data

Answer

rely on anecdotal evidence to prove their hypothesis

Answer

focus on developing sound scientific theories with correlating data

Question 17

Ions are ___.

Accepted Answer

atoms with a positive or negative charge

Answer

atoms with more neutrons than protons

Answer

atoms with more protons than neutrons

Answer

atoms that are joined together in fixed proportions

Question 18

Energy is the capacity to do useful work.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 19

In a coal-burning power plant, the coal is an example of a system ___.

Accepted Answer

input

Answer

throughput

Answer

model

Answer

product

Question 20

A positive feedback loop ___.

Accepted Answer

causes a system to change further in the same direction in which it is moving

Answer

converts additional low-quality energy to kinetic energy

Answer

causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving

Answer

is a feedback with beneficial results

Question 21

Why is replication important in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

It allows other scientists to verify the results.

Answer

It makes the experiment more complex.

Answer

It ensures that the results are always the same.

Answer

It is necessary to manipulate data effectively.

Question 22

Two or more atoms can combine to form a molecule.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 23

When coal is burned completely in a power plant, the solid carbon in the coal combines with oxygen gas from the atmosphere to form carbon dioxide. What type of change is this

Accepted Answer

chemical

Answer

cellular

Answer

physical

Answer

gas

Question 24

Experiments are designed so that the control group differs from the experimental group by one key variable.

Accepted Answer

true

Answer

false

Question 25

The second law of thermodynamics states that whenever energy is converted from one form to another in a physical or chemical change, you end up with ___ energy than before.

Accepted Answer

lower-quality

Answer

less

Answer

more

Answer

more concentrated

Question 26

Another name for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics is the Law of Conservation of Matter.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 27

A group of scientists in Mexico perform an experiment and determine the rate of photosynthesis for a cactus. A group of scientists in Germany perform the same experiment. Their results ___.

Accepted Answer

will be the same because the same experiment was performed in both countries.

Answer

will be different because they are performing the experiment in different countries.

Answer

will be different because the rates of conversion are different in those countries.

Answer

will be the same because Mexico and Germany have the same rates of conversion.

Question 28

Why is peer review important in the scientific community?

Accepted Answer

It allows scientists to criticize each other's work.

Answer

It ensures that only popular ideas are published.

Answer

It prevents the publication of any new ideas.

Answer

It guarantees that all scientific research is flawless.

Question 29

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

To provide a basis for comparison with the experimental group.

Answer

To manipulate the independent variable.

Answer

To ensure that the experiment runs quickly.

Answer

To receive the treatment being tested.

Question 30

When collecting data, what is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data is based on observations, while quantitative data is based on measurements.

Answer

Qualitative data is measured in numbers, while quantitative data is descriptive.

Answer

Qualitative data is more accurate than quantitative data.

Answer

Qualitative data is only used in social sciences, while quantitative data is used in natural sciences.

Question 31

Why is it important for scientists to remain open-minded about their hypotheses and findings?

Accepted Answer

Science is a continuous process, and new evidence may lead to revisions.

Answer

Open-mindedness helps them gain funding for their research.

Answer

It ensures that they agree with the majority of scientists.

Answer

Open-mindedness is not important in science.

Question 32

In an experiment, what is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The variable that is manipulated or changed by the experimenter.

Answer

The variable that is observed and measured.

Answer

The variable that remains constant throughout the experiment.

Answer

The variable that is influenced by the experimental results.

Nature of Science - Timko

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