Introduction to Anatomy 2

Think about the definitions of anatomy and of physiology. The relationship between these two fields is best described by the following statement:

• Anatomy is the study of function.

• Physiology becomes more complex over time.

• Organs that have similar function also have similar structure.

• Structure determines function.

One difference between a gross anatomist and a microscopic anatomist would be

• one studies physiology and the other studies anatomy.

• which organ systems one studies.

• the use of a microscope.

• which diseases are seen.

The study of body structure is called

• physiology

• anatomy

• homeostasis

• chemistry

A collection of cells that work together designates a(n)

• organ.

• tissue.

• organ system

• molecule.

The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following?

• a group of cells

• an organ

• an individual living entity

• an organ system

The production of another human organism is the function of which of the following systems?

• skeletal

• respiratory

• reproductive

• lymphatic

Your blood glucose level has dropped perilously low because you have been starving yourself for a couple of days to lose weight. Your liver, directed by the hormone insulin, converts its last stored glycogen into glucose to get it out into your bloodstream. In this scenario, the liver is the

• receptor.

• effector.

• control center.

• feedback.

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external environment is called

• homeostasis

• internal regulation.

• responsiveness.

• external regulation.

As a result of playing tennis in the summer heat without proper hydration, you have become very dehydrated. You are now in hypernatremia, a condition where your blood sodium levels are too high. Your brain tells you to drink water and, as a result, your blood sodium and hydration levels go back to normal. This illustrates

• positive feedback.

• negative feedback.

• diagnostic regulation.

• both positive and negative feedback loops.

An initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus in

• positive feedback.

• negative feedback.

• homeostasis.

• regulation.