Ch 35 Review

The crucial origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in:

• North Africa

• Middle East

• Eastern Europe

• Third World

Which of the following were not among the key decisions made by Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill at the Yalta Conference?

• The Soviet Union would attack Japan within three months in exchange for territorial concessions

• A new international peacekeeping organization, the United Nations, would be set up.

• The Soviets and Americans would militarily withdraw from Europe after a peace treaty was signed

• Occupation zones in Germany would be assigned to each of the victorious great powers

Despite their political and strategic differences, the United States and the Soviet Union strongly resembled one another in 1945 in that they:

• had been largely isolated from world affairs and practiced an ideological missionary foreign policy

• accepted the idea of balance of power and spheres of influence

• believed that control of the Middle East was essential to maintaining their national security

• had long experience as great powers in Europe

The fundamental idea of the containment doctrine, embraced by President Truman, was:

• the Soviet Union should be gradually forced to give up its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe

• Soviet expansion should be blocked by firm but not aggressive military and diplomatic strength

• the West and the Soviet Union should seek to contain the spread of nuclear weapons

• the Soviet Union should be prevented from trading with nations in Africa and Asia

Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States pledged to:

• refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and pro-American camps

• support those who were resisting subjugation by communists

• give very limited assistance to nations fighting communism

• maintain prosperity in America after World War II

The Marshall Plan succeeded in reviving Europe's economy and

• Communist parties revived stronger than ever

• Communist parties lost ground in some countries

• Communist parties in Western Europe went underground

• Communist parties found common ideals with Democratic states

American membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) did all of the following for the country except:

• reduce our defense expenditures, since we would get help from other countries

• help reintegrate Germany into the European family

• strengthen the containment of the Soviet Union

• reassure Europeans that the United States would not abandon them

The collapse of this caused a depressing loss for America and its allies:

• Batista’s Cuban dictatorship

• Korea’s division

• West Germany

• Nationalist China

In an effort to detect communists within the federal government, President Harry Truman established the:

• Committee on Un-American Activities

• Loyalty Review Board

• Central Intelligence Agency

• McCarren Internal Security Act

President Harry Truman relieved General Douglas MacArthur from command of United Nations troops in Korea when:

• MacArthur began to openly criticize Truman's orders on military policy, in a show of insubordination and disagreement with the Joint Chiefs

• MacArthur crossed the 38th parallel and entered North Korea

• the Chinese entered the Korean War after MacArthur said they would not

• MacArthur continued to lose crucial battles