Industrialization, labor and life/Industrial impact

Read the following sentence from the article.

The combination of these factors led to profound changes in how rural people lived.

Which sentence from the article BEST supports this idea?

• Industrial cities like Manchester and Leeds grew dramatically over the course of a few short decades.

• Human and animal muscle and the waterwheel were the era's main energy sources.

• The size and scope of manufacturing enterprises continued to increase throughout the 19th century as Europe, the United States, and other parts of the world industrialized.

• Even without such geographic separation, many types of industrial jobs were so demanding that they left little downtime for workers to spend preserving the relational bonds we associate with family life.

Read the following selection from the article.

The reorganization of daily life wrought by industrialization had effects that weakened the material basis for the institutions of the family and the community.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the selection above?

• Families and communities are more difficult to sustain in an industrialized economy than they were during the pre-industrial economy.

• Industrialization destroyed the concept of family and community because it forced both men and women to work outside the home.

• Modern life makes it more difficult to support a family because of the long hours and low wages caused by the industrial economy.

• It would be better to return to the pre-industrial economy because it would promote stronger families and local communities.

Which of the following ideas did the author develop the LEAST in this article about industrialization?

• characteristics of pre-industrial life

• characteristics of post-industrial life

• causes of the Industrial Revolution

• drawbacks of an industrial economy

What role does urbanization play in industrialization?

• Urbanization makes industrialization more difficult because of overcrowded cities.

• Urbanization is a primary cause of industrialization.

• As an economy becomes more industrial, it tends to become more urban.

• As an economy becomes more industrial, it tends to become less urban.

The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 18th century as a result of technological innovations in the production of cotton cloth. Which major change in the economies of Europe and the U.S. was set in motion by this development?

• an increasing portion of the work force engaged in manufacturing.

• labor shortages resulting from a decreasing population.

• a shift from free market systems to command economics.

• a decreasing need for international trade agreements.

In the mid-1700s, how did trade contribute to the early growth of an industrial economy in Great Britain?

• It allowed the British to educate their workforce.

• It provided funds to pay high wages to the new labor class.

• It enabled British merchants to hire skilled foreign laborers.

• It gave British entrepreneurs the capital needed to open new factories.

The British were able to dominate the industrial world by all of the following methods EXCEPT…

• Developing the assembly-line system.

• Drawing on raw materials in India and North America to manufacture at home.

• Using the steam engine for transportation and generation of power.

• Exploiting local coal resources to power factories.

England’s _______________________ caused many small farmers to lose their lands, and those former farmers increased the available labor supply.

• Magna Carta

• Enclosure Movement

• Bessemer Process

• Labor Reform

Which invention made western farming more efficient in the mid-1800s?

• the cotton gin

• the spinning jenny

• the steel plow

• the assembly line

Which section from the article BEST explains why there was conflict between workers and employers in the new industrial economy?

• "Industrial Revolution's Lasting Effect On Farming"

• "Families Were Forced To Focus On Factory Work"

• "The Booming Working Class"