Earth Science PMA 2 Review

The Mariana islands are volcanic islands that form an arc. The island arc is located in the North Pacific Ocean. These islands were formed by converging tectonic plates.

Which process had to occur in order for these islands to be formed?

• melting of oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridge

• melting of oceanic crust at subduction zones

• production and deposition of magma from hot spots

• production and deposition of magma from rift valleys

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Oceanic crust is composed mainly of basalt. Continental crust is composed mainly of granite. Why does oceanic crust generally tend to subduct under continental crust when plates collide?

• The oceanic crust is thicker than the continental crust.

• The continental crust is thicker than oceanic crust.

• The oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust.

• The continental crust is denser than the oceanic crust.

Seafloor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries. Which statement BEST identifies the geologic process taking place at the point where seafloor spreading occurs?

• a trench is forming

• new crust is forming

• oceanic crust is subducting

• a continental plate is subducting

On the ocean floor, there are long mountain ranges called mid-ocean ridges. Which description explains how these geological structures were formed?

• a transform boundary where one oceanic plate slides past another oceanic plate

• a divergent boundary where two oceanic plates move apart from one another

• a convergent boundary where an oceanic plate sinks beneath a continental plate

• a convergent boundary where an oceanic plate sinks beneath another oceanic plate

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Convection currents in the mantle are a driving force of tectonic movement. At which location do the convection currents cause the plates to diverge?

• strike-slip fault

• subduction zone

• mid-ocean ridges

• folded mountains

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Along the west coast of South America, volcanic mountains are found due to movement along a plate boundary. The diagram illustrates the movement that is taking place.

Which is the MOST likely reason for the formation of the volcanic mountains?

• The volcanic arc is sliding from the continental crust into the trench.

• A fault line, created by the sinking lithosphere, is filling with water.

• Oceanic crust collides with continental crust, heating as it subducts.

• As a result of an earthquake, multiple volcanic arcs are appearing.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Scientists are studying a graph showing the time differences between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves as they travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from the graph?

• the magnitude of an earthquake

• the duration of an earthquake

• the epicenter of an earthquake

• the intensity of an earthquake

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

An incomplete diagram of the rock cycle is shown.

Which terms should be placed in the boxes labeled 1, 2, and 3?

• 1.Metamorphic Rocks, 2.Sedimentary Rocks, 3.Igneous Rocks

• 1.Metamorphic Rocks, 3. Sedimentary Rocks, 2. Igneous Rocks

• 2.Metamorphic Rocks, 1.Sedimentary Rocks, 3.Igneous Rocks

• 3.Metamorphic Rocks, 1.Sedimentary Rocks, 2. Igneous Rocks

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which feature results when plates of different densities converge and one plate slips under the other?

• a fault

• a ridge

• a trench

• a rift zone

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which scale is used to report the intensity of an earthquake?

• Saffir-Simpson Scale

• Modified Mercalli Scale

• Richter Magnitude Scale

• Moment Magnitude Scale