Foundations of Government Unit 1 Test

The state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries; independence

• Sovereignty

• Territory

• Government

• Politics

Institution which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions

• Government

• Territory

• Politics

• Magna Carta

Form of autocratic government; a king, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of government

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Republic

• Oligarchy

Any system of government in which a small group holds power

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Republic

• Oligarchy

Any system of government in which rule is by the people

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Oligarchy

• Autocracy

The people govern themselves by voting on issues individually as citizens

• Direct Democracy

• Representative Democracy (Republic)

The people elect representatives and give them the responsibility and power to make laws and conduct government; an indirect democracy

• Direct Democracy

• Representative Democracy

An elite cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th century Europe, that sought to mobilize the power of reason in order to reform society and advance knowledge

• The Enlightenment

• The Renaissance

• The Classical Movement

• The Reformation

Enlightenment Philosopher who supported the social contract theory. He advocated that everyone is born with natural rights. In addition to this, he had a significant influence on the founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson in particular.

• Thomas Hobbes

• Thomas Paine

• John Locke

• Niccolo Machiavelli

Enlightenment Philosopher who supported to social contract theory. He said that people were selfish and an absolute monarchy was the best form of government. In his book, The Leviathan, he explained his views.

• Thomas Paine

• Thomas Jefferson

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes