BioPsych: Nerve Cells, Neural Signals & Communications

Some neurons do not generate action potentials but change membrane potentials when stimulated, known as __________.

• all-or-none potentials

• stimulated potentials

• graded potentials

• gradual potentials

According to the "all-or-none" law, action potentials that are generated by the same neuron are constant in __________ and __________.

• amplitude, frequency

• amplitude, speed

• voltage, speed

• voltage, frequency

A __________ is a chemical secreted by a gland or other cells into the blood, whereas __________ are responsible for producing hormones.

• hormone, exocrine glands

• neurotransmitter, exocrine glands

• neurotransmitter, endocrine glands

• hormone, endocrine glands

Most neurons are kept inside __________ at the __________ terminals.

• receptor sites, presynaptic

• vesicles, postsynaptic

• vesicles, presynaptic

• dendrites, postsynaptic

A __________ has its soma in the spinal cord, receives excitation from other neurons, and conducts impulses along its axon to a muscle.

• interneuron

• sensory neuron

• glia

• motor neuron

__________ raise neurons' firing rate above the spontaneous firing rate, whereas __________ suppress their firing rate below the spontaneous firing rate.

• Excitatory presynaptic potentials, inhibitory presynaptic potentials

• Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, excitatory postsynaptic potentials

• Excitatory postsynaptic potentials, inhibitory postsynaptic potentials

• Inhibitory presynaptic potentials, excitatory presynaptic potentials

Santiago Ramón y Cajal demonstrated that __________ do not grow into each other, and the __________ is not one continuous thing.

• axons, nervous system

• axons, glia

• neurons, spinal cord

• nerve cells, nervous system

Neurons consist of __________.

• axon terminals

• dendrites

• nuclei

• all of the above

Action potentials travel down the axon to the presynaptic terminal, which trigger __________: the release of neurotransmitters in bursts from the presynaptic terminal

into the synaptic cleft.

• transcytosis

• endocytosis

• exocytosis

• metastasis

__________ is the process whereby neurotransmitters are recycled to the presynaptic neuron.

• Recycling

• Diffusion

• Exocytosis

• Reuptake