Middle Ages

What is the name for the system of promises between lords and vassals that governed Europe in the Middle Ages?

• Christianity
• Feudalism
• Shinto
• Chivalry

Which answer choice shows the order of Feudal Society from highest to lowest?

• peasants, knights, nobles, king
• king, nobles, knights, peasants
• knights, king, peasants, serfs
• merchants, knights, commoners, serfs

1.  “No freeman is to be taken or imprisoned or disseised of his free tenement or of his liberties or free customs, or outlawed or exiled or in any way ruined, nor will we go against such a man or send against him save by lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land. To no-one will we sell or deny of delay right or justice.” - Magna Carta   The Magna Carta established many important rights and limited the king’s power.
What legal concept is being discussed in the passage?

•  Innocent until proven guilty
•  Freedom of religion
•  Trial by jury
•  The right to bear arms

Europe became a feudal society because...

• the rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment for services.
• Europeans needed to defend themselves against constant raids and invasions.
• overpopulation required that a more efficient agricultural system be developed.
• skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming techniques improved.

The goal of the First Crusade was to take Jerusalem and the area around it, known as the Holy Land, away from the Muslims who controlled it.

• True 
• False

What was the main unifying force of medieval Western Europe?

• Government

• Church

• Military

What religious leader from the Catholic Church helped to organize the First Crusade?

• Stephen Harding

• Pope Urban II

• Saint Benedict

Why did so many people volunteer to fight the Crusades?

• they were paid generously

• the Church granted forgiveness for anyone who goes on the Crusades

• Because they wanted to

• because they loved Jerusalem

Who fought each other in the Crusades?

• The Eastern and Western Roman Empires

• The Romans and the Greeks

• The Europeans and the Egyptians

• The Christians and Muslims

What were two indirect results of the Crusades?

• trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was strengthened 
• trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was strengthened 
• trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was weakened 
• trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was weakened