APUSH Ch. 4 Quiz

The primary beneficiaries of the headright system were

• well-off planters who acquired land by paying the transatlantic passage for indentured servants
• widows who acquired new husbands from England
• indentured servants who were able to acquire their own land
• English ship owners who transported new laborers across the Atlantic

African slavery became the prevalent form of labor in the 1680s when

• Bacon's rebellion and rising wages in England made white indentured servants no longer a reliable labor force
• the frist captives were brought from Africa to the New World
• blacks could be brought to the New World in safer and healthier conditions
• Plantation owners discovered it was cheaper to buy slaves for life than to replace indentured servants 

The primary cause of Bacon's rebellion was

• Governor Berkeley's harsh treatment of the Indians
• White settlers resentment against growing use of African slave labor
• the persecution of the colonists by King Charles II
• the poverty and discontent of many single young men unable to acquire land

Most of the slaves who eventually reached North American were originally

• from southern and eastern Africa
• free servants who worked as household labor in African royal families
• captured by West African coastal tribes and sold to European slave merchants
• sold as slaves in the West Indies and then reshipped to North America

Political and economic power in the southern colonies was dominated by

• urban professional classes such as lawyers and bankers
• small landowners
• the English royal governors
• extended families of wealthy planters

Because there were few urban centers in the colonial South

• good roads between isolated plantations had to be constructed early on
• the rural church became the central focus of southern social and economic life
• there were almost no people of wealth and culture in the region
• a professional classof lawyers and financiers was slow to develop

The average colonial New England woman who did not die in childbirth could expect

• to lose the majority of her children to death before adulthood
• outlive her husband by an average of 15 years
• experience about 10 pregnancies occurring on average every 2 years from her 20s to menopause
• work regularly for pay outside the home in addition to caring for her children

In New England, elementary education

• was mandatory for any town with more than 50 families
• failed to provide even basic literacy for the large majority of citizens
• was less widespread than in the South
• was completely in the hands of the Puritan clergy

The Congregational Church of the Puritans contributed to 

• the development of basic ideas of democracy as expressed in the New England town meeting
• the extremely hierarchical character of New England life
• the increasing social harmony and unity displayed throughout the 17th century in New England towns
• a growing number of personal conversions among young New Englanders

In contrast to the Chesapeake Bay colonists in the South, those in New England 

• had fewer women and more men in their population
• had shorter life expectancies
• provided no protections for women within the institution of marriage
• enjoyed longer lives and more stable families