Chapter 1Sociology

When sociologists group people into categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine their

• Social network

• Social location

• Social personality

• Social skills

• social influence

Of the following, which variable do sociologists emphasize the most as being the determining motivation for our thinking and behavior?(pick2)

• Random chance events

• Natural born instincts

• Inherited genetic structure

• One’s society

• one’s social location

The first goal of each scientific discipline is to

• Explain why something happens

• Make generalizations why things happen

• Look for patterns when things happen

• Predict what will happen in the future

• Conduct research

The idea that only the fittest members of society deserve to survive and that social programs to help the poor will ultimately weaken the social order is known as...

• Positivism

• Social Darwinism

• Social Welfare

• Social Location

• Functionalism

What was the event that most influenced Auguste Comte to explore patterns within society and what holds society together?

• the French Revolution

• the Russian Revolution

• the scientific method

• a sequence of random chance events

• economic crisis

Karl Marx suggested that the force which drives human history and is at the core of human progress is

• religion

• family

• education

• class conflict

• economics

The term "survival of the fittest" which is a principle part of the concept of Social Darwinism, was coined by who?

• Charles Darwin

• Karl Marx

• August Comte

• Herbert Spencer

• Emile Durkheim

Weber referred to the self-denying approach to life characterized by people living frugal lives and saving their money as the...

• spirit of capitalism

• socialist conscience

• Protestant ethic

• socialist perspective

• sociological imagination

The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ________ and _______.

• nobles

• peasants

• bourgeoisie

• proletariat

• civilized

According to Max Weber, the Protestant ethic was a central factor in the birth of_____.

• capitalism

• democracy

• sociology

• socialism

• bureaucracy