S1 Ethics Revision

What does 'Eudaimonia' mean?

• A good person

• True happiness

• A bacon sandwich

• Being brave

What's the best explanation of Aristotle's idea of 'Virtues'?

• Virtues are good things that some people are born with.

• Virtues are the morals that we learn from our parents.

• A virtue is a characteristic that is based on our actions.

The 'Golden Mean' is when...

• when everything in your house is gold.

• when you can understand all of Aristotle's philosophy.

• there is a good balance of a virtue between too much or too little.

• you do the right thing in a dilemma.

If you are a virtuous person, Aristotle says you will always....

• make the right moral decision.

• have a lot of friends.

• be very successful.

• be able to publish a Philosophy book.

Utilitarianism says that the right thing to do is the thing that brings...

• money

• the greatest good for you

• fairness

• the greatest good for the greatest number

What does utilitarianism focus on?

• Having fun

• Being useful

• The consequences of actions

• The motivations for actions

A utilitarian would steal food from a supermarket to feed a starving homeless family.

Why?

• Because stealing isn't that bad.

• Because that's the action that creates the most happiness.

• Because it's our duty to help homeless people.

• Because Jeremy Bentham loved shoplifting.

Kant says that the right thing to do is....

• the action which won't get you in trouble.

• the action which will have the best consequences.

• the action which the most people agree is the right one.

• the action which is your duty to do.

How does Kant test if a rule is good?

• He tries to imagine it as a universal rule.

• He checks what would be illegal.

• He thinks about the consequences.

• He imagines what would make everyone happy.

A Kantian would NOT steal food from a supermarket to feed a starving homeless family.

Why not?

• It is the only option which will completely protect you from getting into trouble.

• The starving homeless family should be stealing food for themselves.

• Just because you steal food this once, doesn't protect the starving family in the long term.

• It is your duty to follow universal moral rules, in this case 'do not steal', regardless of consequences.