3- Cell Theory and Cell Structure/ Function

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?

• All living things are made of cells.

• All cells come from other preexisting cells.

• Cells form through spontaneous generation.

• Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?

• x-rays
• computers
• the light microscope
• the scanning electron microscope

To help patients replenish bodily fluids quickly during an illness, doctors need to understand how cells behave in their environment. Doctors have confidence in what they know about how cells behave because:

• cell theory has been tested, refined, and observed to be true over hundreds of years

• large medical institutions have conducted their own experiments justifying cell theory

• the basics of cell theory have not changed much since the original experiments

• what we know about cell theory has been published in reputable journals

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NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?

• passive transport by diffusion
• active transport using ATP 
• passive transport by osmosis
•  osmosis

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

• The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
• The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
• The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
• The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution. 

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A plant and an animal are both living things. According to the Cell Theory, what can you conclude about these two very different organisms?

• Plants have cells but animals do not.
• They are both made of one or more cells. 
• They both come from the same kind of cell.
• They both come from a non-living organism.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

The combined observations of Mattias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow resulted in the formation of the cell theory. Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?

• All cells contain a nucleus. 
• All cells come from other living cells.
• All living organisms are made of one or more cells
•  Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• lysosome
• mitochondrion
• nucleus
• ribosome

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function? 

• ribosome-protein synthesis
• mitochondrion-movement
• vacuole-cell division
• nucelus-storage of nutrients

The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called

• perforated
• semi-permeable
• non-conducive
• permeable

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2