Experimental techniques

One of the instructions for an experiment reads as follows: Quickly add 50 cm3 of acid. What is the best piece of apparatus to use?

• a burette

• a conical flask

• a measuring cylinder

• a pipette

A student uses the apparatus shown in the diagram below to measure the volume of carbon dioxide gas made when different masses of marble chips are added to 25 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid.

Which other items of apparatus are needed?

• funnel and balance

• funnel and stopwatch

• measuring cylinder and balance

• measuring cylinder and stopwatch

The diagram shows three pieces of apparatus that are used for measuring the volume of a liquid.

What are these pieces of apparatus?

• 1: burette, 2: measuring cylinder, 3: pipette

• 1: burette, 2: pipette, 3: measuring cylinder

• 1: measuring cylinder, 2: burette, 3: pipette

• 1: measuring cylinder, 2: pipette, 3: burette

The four pieces of apparatus shown below are used in chemical experiments.

Which statement about the apparatus is correct?

• The burette measures the volume of liquid added in a titration.

• The measuring cylinder measures the mass of a substance used in an experiment.

• The pipette measures the volume of gas given off in a reaction.

• The thermometer measures the density of a solution.

A student measures the rate of two reactions.

In one reaction, there is a change in mass of the reactants during the reaction.

In the second reaction, there is a change in temperature during the reaction.

Which piece of apparatus would be essential in both experiments?

• balance

• clock

• pipette

• thermometer

Lead iodide is insoluble in water.

Lead iodide is made by adding aqueous lead nitrate to aqueous potassium iodide.

Which pieces of apparatus are needed to obtain solid lead iodide from 20cm³ of aqueous lead nitrate?

• 1,2

• 1, 3 and 5

• 1, 4 and 5

• 2, 4 and 5

The diagram shows an experiment to find the formula of magnesium oxide.

Which piece of apparatus would be needed in addition to those shown?

• a balance

• a measuring cylinder

• a spatula

• a thermometer

The results of some tests on a colorless liquid X are shown.

Boiling point = 102⁰C

Universal Indicator turns green

What is X?

• sodium hydroxide

• hydrochloric acid

• pure water

• sodium chloride (salt) solution

A blue solid, X, is soluble in water.

Which method is used to obtain pure solid X from an aqueous solution?

• chromatography

• crystallisation

• filtration

• neutralisation

A mixture is separated using the apparatus shown.

What is the mixture?

• aqueous copper chloride and copper

• aqueous copper chloride and sodium chloride

• ethane and methane

• ethanol and water