4.1 The Colonial Economy

New England farmers practiced subsistence farming because

• long winters and poor soil made large-scale farming difficult

• they could make more money from home-based crafts like carpentry

• here were no markets where they could sell their harvested goods

• they could not adapt to the climate and terrain of the region

Middle Colony farmers were able to grow cash crops because

• the fertile soil and mild climate allowed more planting and produced bigger harvests

• they had large families to help with the planting and harvesting of crops

• they used slave labor to plant and harvest crops

• they could ship their harvests easily to markets overseas

Which of the following resulted from the immigration of many non-English settlers to the Middle Colonies?

• cultural diversity

• the use of slave labor

• introduction of poor farming methods

• Religious conflict

The principal cash crops in the Southern Colonies were

• rice and tobacco

• corn and cotton

• wheat and tobacco

• cotton and indigo

The Middle Passage was

• the second leg of the triangular trade route

• The forced march of enslaved Africans to European forts

• the process of branding enslaved Africans

• the selling of enslaved people in the slave markets of America

The New England shipping trade served only the coastal cities of America.

• True

• False

Cash crops were sold only in the colonies.

• True

• False

Most settlers in the Southern Colonies made their living from farming.

• True

• False

Planters began using enslaved persons when indentured servants became scarce and expensive.

• True

• False

Which of the following statements is true?

• Some slave codes made it illegal to teach enslaved people to read or write.

• Most slave codes protected the rights of enslaved people.

• Slave codes did not permit harsh punishment of enslaved people.

• Slave codes made it illegal to own enslaved people.