N.P. History Ch. 12 Sec. 3-4

Didn't think Caliphs had to be related to Muhammad

Others focused on spiritual issues, leading to a movement

A narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer.

Used huge cannons to conquer Constinople

One of Muhammad's first converts to be the next leader of Muslim

acceptance

A title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam

decorative writing

Muslims who thought that only Muhammad's descendants could become Caliphs.

"The Magnificent" Ottoman Empire reached its height under him.