Chapter 2 ITB

______________ is the set of moral standards for judging whether something is right or wrong.

• Ethics

• Social responsibility

• The marketing concept

• Consumerism

• Legality

____________ is a philosophy that focuses on the consequences of an action to determine whether it is right or wrong. This philosophy holds that an action that affects the majority adversely is morally wrong.

• Distributive justice

• Preconventional morality

• Social responsibility

• Utilitarianism

• Consumerism

Which of the following statements about utilitarianism is true?

• Utilitarianism is concerned with providing for the needs of the minorities.

• The concept of utilitarianism supports affirmative action programs.

• Utilitarianism holds that an action that affects the majority adversely is morally wrong.

• Utilitarianism is primarily concerned with the legal aspects of business decisions.

• None of the above statements about utilitarianism is true.

Which of the following statements about utilitarianism is true?

• Utilitarianism is designed to create both winners and losers.

• The application of the utilitarianism concept will only produce winners.

• There are not negative costs associated with utilitarianism.

• Using utilitarianism, a manager can accurately calculate how his or her decision will affect the majority of its stakeholders.

• Utilitarianism is a legal concept -- not an ethical one.

Mamma's Diner was a small restaurant that was a popular hangout for many Bedford College students, but because of the owner's inability to make the bathroom stalls handicapped accessible for the one wheel-chair student on campus, it was forced to close down. The belief that this was morally wrong to deprive the majority of the people of this experience is an expression of the philosophy associated with:

• distributive justice

• preconventional morality

• social responsibility

• utilitarianism

• consumerism

In the 21st century, we define justice as:

• an equitable distribution of the burdens and rewards that society has to offer

• the creation of a situation in which all involved are winners

• support for the development of legal measures to define ethics

• a global concept, which is defined the same throughout the world

• the avoidance of wrong

Which of the following is an example of an ethical business activity?

• The employee told several jokes that made fun of blonde women.

• The employee used the company postage meter to mail letters to her family.

• The employee reported to his supervisors that a co-worker had misappropriated company funds.

• The employee went to see a movie one afternoon when she was supposed to be making a sales call.

• The employee condoned a fellow employee's use of alcohol on the job.

One of the keys to ethical business behavior is:

• how many people near retirement age are in the company

• how many levels of organization does the business have

• the perception of the company by its employees

• the number of rules, regulations, and guidelines the company has

• how the company's top management conducts themselves

Which of the following statements about ethics training is true?

• The most effective ethics training begins with the techniques for solving ethical dilemmas.

• Ethics training is formal training to develop an awareness of questionable business behavior and to practice appropriate responses.

• Ethical training does not have to be boring.

• Fewer than half of of all American companies have some type of ethics training programs.

• All of the above statement about ethics training are true.

Codes of ethics:

• may be influential in determining a person's decision-making behavior

• deal only with the employees' relationships with customers and with no other group

• contain common ethical dilemmas and provide the appropriate resolutions to employees

• are typically informal information about how to recognize and deal with ethical problems

• deal only with external ethical issues and not with internal issues